With the steady increase of vaccine supply in China, vaccination in COVID-19 has been accelerated again. Since China started the vaccination work in COVID-19, all localities have strengthened the connection between vaccine supply and demand, and the vaccination system has operated efficiently.

According to official website, the National Health and Wellness Commission, as of April 8, 2021, 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps have reported 155.15 million doses of Covid-19 vaccine.

"The best way to prevent COVID-19 is to vaccinate. Vaccination can effectively protect individuals and people, and once the epidemic situation is imported, it can reduce the infection rate, severe disease rate and mortality rate of people. Therefore, even if the domestic epidemic prevention and control situation is improving, it is still necessary for people to be vaccinated. " Gao Fu said.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 5th, by topic:Create a position to cultivate and practice socialist core values — — Relevant persons in charge of the Ministry of Culture, National Cultural Heritage Administration and China Association for Science and Technology talked about the implementation of the "Implementation Opinions on Public Cultural Facilities to Carry out Volunteer Service of Learning from Lei Feng"

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Leo Chou

　　In order to give full play to the position role of public cultural facilities in learning from Lei Feng’s volunteer service, steadily promote the construction of public cultural facilities’ volunteer service sites, and promote the extensive and in-depth development of cultural volunteer service, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, the Central Civilization Office, the Ministry of Culture and other seven departments recently issued the "Implementation Opinions on Learning from Lei Feng’s Volunteer Service in Public Cultural Facilities".

　　Responsible persons of the Ministry of Culture, National Cultural Heritage Administration and China Association for Science and Technology said that the voluntary service of learning from Lei Feng in public cultural facilities has continued the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, embodied profound cultural accumulation, distinctive characteristics of the times and noble spiritual pursuit, and is an important way to practice socialist core values and an inherent requirement for accelerating the construction of a modern public cultural service system.

　　Ministry of Culture: Cultural Volunteer Service Promotes the Construction of Modern Public Cultural Service System

　　Q: The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for building a modern public cultural service system. What is the special significance of vigorously developing cultural volunteer service, especially in public cultural facilities to learn from Lei Feng?

　　A: The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is the decisive stage for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way. Strengthening cultural voluntary service is of great significance for promoting the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings, spreading advanced culture and improving the level of social civilization. The first is an important way to practice the socialist core values. Cultural voluntary service embodies the functions of culture leading fashion, educating people, serving society and promoting development, which is an important way to promote the implementation of socialist core values and integrate them into people’s daily lives. The second is the inherent requirement of accelerating the construction of a modern public cultural service system. Cultural voluntary service, with its various forms and flexible ways, can effectively make up for the lack of cultural services provided by the government and the market, provide targeted services and improve the quality and effect of public cultural services. Third, it is an important means to play the role of the masses as the main body and stimulate the endogenous motivation of cultural development. Cultural voluntary service is an important platform for the masses to participate in cultural construction, which is conducive to the formation of a good situation in which everyone can do his best and share with everyone everywhere, and promotes the sustainable development of public cultural services.

　　Q: What principles should public cultural facilities follow to carry out the voluntary service of learning from Lei Feng? What is the main purpose of this work?

　　A: We should grasp four principles: First, adhere to the correct orientation. We should firmly establish a people-centered work orientation, integrate socialist core values into cultural voluntary service, guide people to serve others and contribute to society, and advocate a healthy and civilized lifestyle. The second is to adhere to cultural education. Guide people to establish and adhere to the correct view of history, nationality, country and culture. The third is to adhere to the demonstration drive. Take the lead in doing a good job in the volunteer service of national public cultural facilities, demonstrate and promote the healthy development of various volunteer service organizations and service projects, and promote the institutionalization and normalization of learning from Lei Feng’s volunteer service. The fourth is to persist in reform and innovation. Incorporate the support and development of voluntary services for public cultural facilities into the cultural system reform, and promote the standardization and equalization of basic public cultural services. Deepen the innovation of volunteer service content, form and management mode.

　　The main purpose of carrying out Lei Feng’s volunteer service in public cultural facilities is to further enrich the free and open items and contents of public cultural facilities and expand the service methods and channels by continuously expanding the volunteer team, carrying out volunteer service activities in depth and building a volunteer service brand, so as to effectively improve the service capacity and service level of public cultural facilities and promote the overall improvement of public cultural service efficiency.

　　Q: What are the main specific measures and requirements for public cultural facilities to carry out the voluntary service of learning from Lei Feng?

　　A: First, expand the volunteer team. Encourage healthy young people, teenagers, experts and scholars, and social celebrities to actively participate. The second is to carry out volunteer service activities in depth. Establish volunteer service organizations, volunteer service sites and volunteer service platforms as needed; Carefully design volunteer service projects, accurately recruit volunteers and build brand projects; Volunteer service for the elderly, minors, the disabled, migrant workers and people with difficulties in life; Actively explore "voluntary service in internet plus" to promote the specialization, characteristics and accuracy of voluntary service. The third is to establish and improve the voluntary service system for public cultural facilities. In accordance with the provisions of the measures for the administration of cultural volunteer service, we should further improve the system of volunteer recruitment and registration, training management, assessment and incentives.

　　In addition, public cultural facilities should provide necessary financial support for volunteer service, purchase necessary insurance, provide basic protection, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of volunteers.

　　Q: What are the plans of the Ministry of Culture to continue to promote cultural voluntary service?

　　A: First, improve the service network and develop and expand the cultural volunteer service team. We will comprehensively establish cultural volunteer service institutions at the provincial, city and county levels, and promote the establishment of volunteer service stations (teams and institutes) in public cultural facilities. We will attract people from all walks of life who are enthusiastic about public welfare and cultural undertakings to participate in cultural volunteer service and develop and expand the team of cultural volunteers. The second is to strengthen capacity building and continuously improve the scientific and professional level of cultural volunteer service. Integrate spontaneous and scattered cultural volunteer service activities to promote the characteristics and accuracy of cultural volunteer service. Vigorously cultivate and develop professional cultural volunteer service teams and guide the professional development of cultural volunteer service. The third is to organize demonstration-oriented activities and establish a long-term mechanism for grassroots cultural volunteer service activities. Continue to promote the "Spring Rain Project" — — National cultural volunteers travel across the border and "have deep feelings for the earth" — — Volunteer service of the National Academy of Arts goes to the grassroots level and "sunshine project" — — Three demonstration activities of the rural cultural volunteer service action plan in the central and western regions guide all localities and units to carry out extensive activities. The fourth is to strengthen standardized management and promote the healthy development of cultural volunteer service. Organized and planned training and guidance for cultural volunteers in different levels. Encourage all localities to establish an incentive, feedback and commendation system for cultural volunteer services in light of actual conditions.

　　National Cultural Heritage Administration: The museum itself is a volunteer of the whole society.

　　Q: What role can the museum play in the voluntary service of learning from Lei Feng?

　　A: As one of the important public cultural facilities, museums provide public cultural services such as education and appreciation for the public. In this sense, the museum itself is a volunteer of the whole society.

　　At the same time, from the microscopic point of view, museums are also an important position to carry out voluntary activities and services. At present, about 50% of the 4692 museums in China have carried out museum volunteer work, with a total of nearly 250 thousand volunteers. Many volunteers have served for more than 1,000 hours, and some volunteers have even served for more than 3,000 hours, serving nearly 10,000 people.

　　In terms of quality, the composition of museum volunteers is more diversified and socialized. Museums attract more and more intellectuals, collectors, college students, foreigners and other effective forces with various occupations and qualities to join the volunteer team.

　　In addition, the volunteer work of the museum has gradually changed from a single exhibition explanation to participation in donation, collection management, cultural relics protection, publication editing, event planning and other key work of the museum, which has become an integral part of the museum.

　　Q: Please talk about how to improve the enthusiasm of museum volunteers.

　　A: Volunteers are an important bridge and link between the museum and the society. Carrying out the volunteer service of learning from Lei Feng makes the museum better move towards and serve the society, and expands the spread of historical and cultural knowledge and museum culture.

　　To enhance the enthusiasm of museum volunteers, I think we should work hard on the management, service and incentive mechanism of volunteers. In recent years, China Museum has carried out many positive explorations, strictly selecting volunteers to help improve their basic quality and professional level; Attach importance to volunteer pre-training and post planning, and constantly improve in practice. In addition, all kinds of museum resources are open to volunteers with certain professional and academic backgrounds as much as possible. At the same time, it also adopts various incentive measures to improve its enthusiasm and stability.

　　According to incomplete statistics, more than half of the museums that carry out volunteer work have set up working committees composed of volunteers and achieved self-management of volunteers.

　　Q: After the publication of "Implementation Opinions on Public Cultural Facilities to Carry out Volunteer Service of Learning from Lei Feng", what aspects will National Cultural Heritage Administration promote the development of museum volunteer activities?

　　A: First of all, in accordance with the requirements of the implementation opinions, we will vigorously organize and support various museums to actively convene volunteers, expand the volunteer team, and carry out the volunteer service work of learning from Lei Feng. Second, we will adhere to the principle of demonstration-driven, and do a solid job in establishing a volunteer service management mechanism in museums, memorial halls and other cultural and art units among the first batch of demonstration units. Third, we will promote the affiliated museums to strengthen the construction of volunteer service organizations and service projects, extensively carry out volunteer service activities like Lei Feng, and gradually realize the institutionalization and normalization of volunteer service in museums.

　　We will continue to support the professional committee of museum volunteers to actively organize relevant exchange activities, and promote the construction and development of museum volunteers and public welfare organizations. The Steering Committee has continuously improved the activity of "Selection of Top Ten Volunteer Stars in China Museum".

　　China Association for Science and Technology: Promoting the upgrading of volunteer service in science and technology museums.

　　Q: What has the China Association for Science and Technology done in the volunteer service of the Science and Technology Museum, and what are the specific measures to learn from Lei Feng?

　　A: Since the pilot project of free opening of the National Science and Technology Museum was launched in 2015, the scope of public science popularization services in the Science and Technology Museum has been continuously expanded, the audience flow has increased rapidly, and the strength of science popularization volunteers has been further strengthened. The six science and technology museums selected as the first demonstration units of public cultural facilities to carry out Lei Feng’s volunteer service have been actively and effectively exploring volunteer service. Take China Science and Technology Museum as an example. Every year, more than 10,000 volunteers participate in voluntary service.

　　China Association for Science and Technology will take this implementation opinion as an opportunity to promote the upgrading of volunteer service in the Science and Technology Museum. First, give full play to the leading role of six first demonstration units, including China Science and Technology Museum. Through the construction of demonstration units, we will further enhance the social public welfare image of China’s science and technology museums, build their volunteer service brands, explore the establishment of standardized and reproducible volunteer service models for science and technology museums, and learn from the mature volunteer service experience of foreign science centers to promote the common development of the whole industry. The second is to focus on cultivating "stars" of popular science volunteer service. Combine the volunteer service of the Science and Technology Museum with the construction of popular science volunteers, and work closely with the China Association for Science and Technology’s "image ambassador of popular science China" and "chief science communication expert" to excavate and cultivate the typical popular science volunteer service, do a good job in publicity and promotion, tell the stories of popular science volunteers and create a good atmosphere. The third is to explore the establishment of a service platform for popular science volunteers, and promote the close cooperation, resource sharing and joint efforts between science and technology museums and public cultural facilities such as libraries, museums, cultural centers, art galleries and revolutionary memorial halls, so as to promote the momentum and implementation of volunteer service for public cultural facilities.

　　Q: What has China Association for Science and Technology done to promote popular science volunteer service, and what will be the next step?

　　A: Since 2001, China Association for Science and Technology issued a notice on the pilot work of building a popular science volunteer team in China. For more than ten years, China Association for Science and Technology has made great efforts to set up eight types of national popular science volunteer teams: volunteer teams of young science and technology counselors, volunteer teams of serving the "three rural" grassroots, volunteer teams of explaining counselors, volunteer teams of primary school students and other popular science venues, volunteer teams of popular science creation, volunteer teams of community volunteers, volunteer teams of serving large-scale theme popular science activities, volunteer teams of high-level counseling lectures and decision-making consultation, and volunteer teams of learning societies. According to the results of 2015 national science popularization statistics, as of 2014, there were 3,206,100 registered science popularization volunteers nationwide.

　　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China Association for Science and Technology will promote the construction of national science popularization volunteers, and build the China Science Popularization Volunteers Association, so as to achieve more than 5 million science popularization volunteers nationwide by 2020.

At present, the epidemic situation in Beijing is developing rapidly, and the number of patients seeking treatment continues to increase at a high level. In order to fully guarantee the timely and effective treatment of critically ill patients, Guang ‘anmen Hospital resolutely implements the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, insists on putting people’s lives first and people’s interests first, thoroughly implements the "New Ten Articles" and various detailed measures in Beijing, strives to overcome the difficulty of staff reduction due to illness according to the requirements of doing a good job in intensive care services, concentrates the superior resources of the hospital, gives full play to the advantages and characteristics of TCM disease prevention and control, continuously optimizes strategies and dynamically adjusts, and further optimizes medical service processes. Expand and transform emergency medical resources, fully meet the medical needs of outpatients and emergency patients, and focus on ensuring medical treatment for emergency patients. The hospital is fully committed to ensuring people’s lives, health and safety.

On December 9th, the number of emergency patients in our hospital suddenly increased geometrically. Faced with severe challenges such as shortage of drugs, increasing number of severe cases, and medical staff attrition, the hospital quickly made work adjustments, strictly implemented the principles of "immediate elimination" and "immediate solution", and quickly formulated the treatment plan for COVID-19, an emergency department of traditional Chinese medicine. Qi Xin cooperated with each other and operated under high load, maintaining round-the-clock uninterrupted consultation. In the week after the adjustment of the prevention and control policy, a beautiful answer sheet was handed over to ensure the life, health and safety of patients.

"Three Parties" Fighting Epidemic, Giving Full Play to the Characteristic Advantages of Traditional Chinese Medicine

In order to cope with the shortage of drug stocks, the emergency department responded quickly, gave full play to the advantages of departments, mobilized manpower and material resources, and combined with the characteristics of diseases, formulated a treatment and prevention plan based on the classic prescriptions of our hospital, namely "Modified Gegen Decoction", "Modified Yinqiao Powder" and "Shenshu Jiedu Granule", and prepared a "three-way" decoction quickly in a short time, effectively treating patients’ symptoms such as fever, sore throat and fatigue.

The establishment of a "prescription clinic" in the emergency department and the special room for triage of patients not only ensure that patients who take medicines can get medicines quickly, but also ensure that the treatment of acute and severe patients will not be delayed. At the same time, with the help of the new media platform, the department provides popular science guidance on medication, prevention and nursing care related to COVID-19, which effectively alleviates patients’ fear of epidemic situation and diseases and increases the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment.

The "three-way" curative effect played a rapid role. The total prescription amount on the first day exceeded 600 doses, and then it was continuously maintained at more than 1000 doses, which received good feedback from patients. During the peak period, more than 300 people prescribe drugs in the emergency department every day, and it is normal for doctors in the prescription clinic not to drink a mouthful of water for eight hours in a row. The triage nurse said, "Our doctor is like being embedded in the clinic all day!"

Reduce staff without reducing quality, and tide over serious difficulties together.

For people with heart, lung, kidney and other basic diseases, Covid-19 infection has become the last straw to overwhelm camels.

On December 13th, the emergency department of our hospital ushered in the first wave of "critical illness peak". The daily average number of patients is more than 200, and more than 100 patients need infusion treatment. Severe patients followed, and temporary beds were added to the emergency hall and the corridor outside the rescue room as long as there was equipment.

"Many patients are already in a coma when they see a doctor, and their blood oxygen can’t be maintained …" Ma Rong, the chief physician of the emergency department, said: "It has become the normal state of our work to treat several high-risk patients at the same time."

On the other hand, the medical care in the hospital has also been "recruited", with symptoms of infection such as fever and serious staff attrition. In the face of the increasing number of critically ill patients, the emergency department doctors and nurses are United and persistent in their work. Liu Xiaoyu, an emergency doctor, just finished the support task of Xiaotangshan Fangcang Hospital for more than 40 days, only took a break for one day, and then joined the continuous operation of emergency rescue. "I just got back from the shelter and have practical experience in protection. Let me do it!" It has become a Zhuang language that Liu Xiaoyu often talks about.

"ICU is full, so we changed the emergency ward into ICU."

As a key link in rescuing critically ill patients, ICU comprehensively treats positive patients. The epidemic spread, and 11 doctors and 50 nurses in ICU11 fell ill and 50 people were seriously reduced. Although people fall down every day, people stand up and stick to their posts every day, and everyone submits an application for returning to work as soon as the fever has gone down. When many nurses in the department fell ill, Zhou Min, the team leader, stayed up all night in ICU to ensure the safety of patients. Zhang Bing, the team leader who just completed the support task of Xiaotangshan shelter, immediately put himself into treatment after returning to his post. At the same time, the hospital transferred the backbone from other departments to support ICU, in order to ensure the life safety of critically ill patients, to help the whole hospital!

Medical staff provide prone position ventilation, hemofiltration and cardiac output detection for critically ill patients every day. Qi Wensheng, director of the emergency department, makes daily rounds and personally adjusts the treatment plan for patients. Most of the severe patients have gradually improved their fever and infection symptoms.

Qi Wensheng, director of the emergency department, led a team to make rounds.

The 17 beds in ICU have been filled, and now 8 beds in emergency general wards have been changed to treat severe patients, and medical instruments such as ventilators have been prepared at the first time. Qi Wensheng said: "The ICU is full, so we changed the emergency ward to ICU."

Wang Xiaopin, Party Secretary of Guang ‘anmen Hospital, visited ICU.

Minor injuries can’t go down the line of fire, and young people shoulder heavy responsibilities.

In the face of the fierce epidemic, the young medical care in the department has always adhered to the forefront to ensure the smooth passage of life for critically ill patients. Liu Chang, the deputy chief physician of the department, returned to work just after the fever had gone down, rescuing patients, communicating with family members and guiding the work of junior doctors. She often encouraged everyone with a slightly hoarse voice, "Don’t worry, I’m fine! Patients need us! "

In-hospital first aid is one of the important tasks of the emergency department, and on-the-job medical care in the emergency department also shoulders the task of in-hospital first aid. At present, many outpatients are seriously ill, and their condition may change at any time. On the way back, a patient who had just finished a hospital first aid met another patient with an emergency. As an emergency response team member, Shi Rongxiu, an emergency nurse, was busy running around the whole hospital. "Emergency treatment is not only for patients in the emergency area, but also for the safety rope of the whole hospital. We young medical care should naturally take this responsibility."

At the same time, in nursing posts, many post-90 s and post-00 s new forces shoulder heavy responsibilities bravely, and the situation of day shift and night shift has become the normal state of work. In order to relieve everyone’s work pressure, many doctors and nurses returned to their posts just after the fever had gone down. They said, "There is no time to be a patient!" It highlights the responsibility of the younger generation.

In 2021, our hospital started the project of improving the emergency capacity and comprehensively upgraded the emergency area. After a year of intense construction, it will be put into use soon. The reconstructed emergency department of Guang ‘anmen Hospital covers an area of 2,350 square meters, including five medical units: emergency consultation room, rescue room, observation room, intensive care unit and emergency ward, and the number of beds has increased to 67. There are 23 doctors and 55 nurses. Add emergency buffer rescue room, negative pressure intensive care unit, buffer ward and highly dependent ward, and equip them with brand-new professional equipment for emergency first aid.

In response to the new situation of the epidemic, under the strong leadership of the Party Committee of Guang ‘anmen Hospital, all the doctors in Guang ‘anmen Hospital unite as one, persist in taking patients as the core, constantly optimize the treatment process, give full play to the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in the COVID-19 epidemic, fully meet the people’s medical needs, practice the spirit of the national team of traditional Chinese medicine, and protect the health and peace of the people.

　　On March 26th, local time, the Office of the US Trade Representative announced that the investigation on "digital service tax" of Austria, India, Italy, Spain, Turkey and Britain had entered the next stage according to Section 301 of the US Trade Act of 1974. Possible measures at present include imposing punitive tariffs on the above-mentioned countries.

△ Reuters: The US Trade Representative said that he was prepared to impose tariffs on six countries for digital tax.

　　According to Reuters, US Trade Representative Qi Dai said that the United States is prepared to impose potential tariffs on these six countries in retaliation for the digital service tax imposed on the United States by these countries. In response to the digital service tax imposed by France on the United States, the United States may impose higher retaliatory tariffs on goods such as champagne, cosmetics and handbags worth $1.3 billion imported from France.

　　Why does the United States conduct a "301 investigation" on many countries and plan to impose retaliatory tariffs? What are the differences between the United States and its trading partners over the digital service tax?

　　In response to the digital transformation of the economy, the European Union took the lead in proposing digital tax.

　　According to the data of the World Bank, the digital economy has created 15.5% of the global GDP, and its growth rate in the past 15 years is 2.5 times that of the global GDP. More and more multinational technology companies have created great commercial value in the field of digital economy. But it also poses a great challenge to the global tax system based on the traditional economic model.

　　For example, according to the Tax Foundation of the United States, through the digital economy, enterprises can obtain users from abroad and make profits. However, under the existing international tax treaties, enterprises do not need to pay corporate income tax in the country because they have no physical presence in the country.

　　In response to the accelerated transformation of economic digitalization, the EU took the lead in proposing the "Digital Service Tax Proposal" in March 2018 to promote the EU’s tax reform. Digital service tax, referred to as digital tax for short, refers to the effective profits generated by some digital services (Internet services), and its collection targets are mostly large Internet companies.

　　However, this proposal has not reached a consensus at the EU level and has not been adopted. Since then, individual member States of the European Union have begun to formulate their own plans.

△ Reuters: The French Senate approved the taxation of digital tax, and the United States launched an investigation into this.

　　In July 2019, the French Senate passed a bill to levy a digital tax, becoming the first country in the world to levy a digital tax. According to the bill, France will levy a digital tax on Internet companies with global annual income exceeding 750 million euros and income from France exceeding 25 million euros, and the tax rate is 3% of the French market income.

　　Subsequently, Britain, Spain, Italy and other countries also implemented unilateral tax actions for their own interests.

　　Europe: American technology giants make huge profits and enjoy low taxes

△CNBC: Silicon Valley giants are accused of tax evasion of more than 100 billion US dollars in the past decade.

　　According to the US media CNBC report, Fair Tax Mark, a British tax research institution, found that between 2010 and 2019, six American technology giants, including Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, Google and Microsoft, evaded taxes totaling more than $100 billion. The researchers further pointed out that tax evasion "almost certainly occurred outside the United States."

　　According to British media reports, Amazon UK’s total tax bill in 2017 was 1.7 million pounds, less than 0.1% of its turnover of 2 billion pounds; Facebook set a record sales of 1.65 billion pounds in the UK in 2018, but it paid only 28.5 million pounds in corporate tax that year.

　　Margaret Hodge, a British MP, said that such a low tax amount is simply "outrageous".

△ French Minister of Finance Bruno Le Mayer

　　Bruno Le Maire, the French finance minister, accused American technology giants of "evading" taxes by setting their European headquarters in "tax havens" such as Ireland and Luxembourg. It is obviously unfair for these American companies to earn a lot of money in doing business in France, Germany and other places, but enjoy the low tax treatment in Ireland and Luxembourg.

　　Many European countries believe that the current tax system is mainly formulated for traditional enterprises, but there are many gray areas for emerging Internet enterprises, which leads to insufficient tax payment by Internet enterprises. Therefore, all countries are making efforts to formulate digital taxes and standardize the commercial taxation of Internet companies.

　　United States: Whoever collects digital tax will get revenge.

　　In fact, it is not surprising that the United States has imposed punitive tariffs on countries that levy digital taxes.

△ Wall Street Journal: The United States announced an investigation into France’s digital tax plan

　　In 2019, France adopted a digital tax plan, and the taxation targets mainly involved American technology giants such as Apple, Facebook and Amazon. Subsequently, the US government launched a "301 investigation" on the French digital service tax in July 2019 on the grounds that "France treated American enterprises unfairly".

△ Wall Street Journal: The United States and France may face 100% tariffs against French wines because of digital taxes.

　　In December 2019, the Office of the US Trade Representative announced the results of the "301 Survey", saying that the French digital tax "discriminates against American companies, contradicts the current principles of international tax policy, and imposes an unusually heavy burden on the affected American companies", and suggested that the United States impose tariffs on French goods exported to the United States as retaliation.

△ Wall Street Journal: The United States withdrew from global digital tax negotiations

　　After some consultations, in January 2020, the United States and France announced a temporary truce and started negotiations. At the same time, negotiators from many countries tried to reach a multilateral agreement on how to levy digital taxes on cross-border Internet companies through the framework of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. However, in June of the same year, the then US Treasury Secretary Mnuchin unexpectedly announced the suspension of negotiations and warned that he would retaliate against any country that imposed a digital tax on American technology companies.

△ Wall Street Journal: Trump administration’s struggle to upgrade global digital tax

　　In June, 2020, the Office of the United States Trade Representative announced that it had launched a trade investigation against the European Union and nine countries, including Britain, Austria, Czech Republic, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Brazil, India and Indonesia, in order to counter their digital tax proposals.

△ Wall Street Journal: The United States will impose tariffs on French goods in response to France’s digital tax.

　　In July 2020, the Office of the US Trade Representative issued a statement that if France does not give up the new digital tax plan, the United States will impose an additional 25% tariff on goods worth $1.3 billion from France.

　　Digital tax further escalates and complicates the trade disputes between the United States and Europe.

　　With the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, countries’ financial burden has increased and tax revenue has decreased, and more and more countries have begun to consider using digital tax to increase tax revenue, which will bring new burdens to American Internet companies.

△ Image from the website of the US Tax Foundation

　　According to the public information on the website of the Tax Foundation of the United States, as of March 23, 2021, eight countries including Austria, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain, Turkey and the United Kingdom have implemented digital taxes; Belgium, Czech Republic and Slovakia have formed a proposal to levy digital tax; Latvia, Norway and Slovenia have announced or expressed their intention to levy digital taxes.

　　In fact, whether it is the digital tax proposal of the European Union or the digital tax that has been implemented in France, Italy and other countries, the threshold is quite high, and ordinary Internet companies are not affected by it. American Internet giant companies basically meet the standard of being taxed.

　　Although Biden’s administration has promised to reach a global agreement on digital tax, the Office of the US Trade Representative has announced that it intends to retaliate against six countries and will impose higher retaliatory tariffs on French imports.

　　The contradiction between the United States and Europe around the digital tax may not be solved overnight, and the trade differences between the two sides of the Atlantic will undoubtedly further expand.

　　Producer: Lu Yi

　　Producer Zhao Xinyu?

　　Editor-in-Chief: Cui Yi

　　Editor Zhang Baiyi

Hello, everyone, the recent circle can be said to be very lively. Last month, Huawei Pioneer planned to suddenly launch Mate60 Pro. Last Friday, Apple also produced a brand-new 15 series. In the battle for the flagship king in 2023, the contestants are already in place.

Such a grand occasion can be said that it has not appeared in the aircraft circle for a long time. However, in addition to the excitement, many users have asked us, who should we buy Huawei Mate60 series and iPhone 15 series? Today, we will compare the backbone models of these two new product series: Pro version.

As a medium-sized, large-sized and super-large-sized classic product, it can be said that the Pro versions of flagship mobile phones not only represent their understanding of the needs of mainstream users, but also reflect their ability to integrate their own technologies.

This time, we started to compare Huawei Mate60 Pro and iPhone 15 Pro. The former is the breakthrough result of Huawei’s latest domestic self-developed technologies, and the industrial design is also quite outstanding. The latter applies the current advanced chip manufacturing technology and takes the lead in mass production of titanium alloy frames on mobile phone products.

Therefore, we can say that these two models are the pinnacle of the current flagship mobile phone. However, it is obvious that there are no small differences between the two models in terms of configuration and experience.

Look at the appearance first, put these two models together, and the most intuitive feeling is that the design styles are very different. Huawei Mate60 Pro adopts a breakthrough "concentric" design on the back of the fuselage. At the same time, the iconic "star ring" design of Huawei Mate series is no longer limited to the camera itself, but comes out of generate from the inside out, working together to break through the inherent thinking boundary and expand to the waist of the back cover, leaving an elegant arc, which means a breakthrough.

This time, we started with Yachuanqing color matching. The ultra-reliable basalt structure adopted by the whole machine combines ultra-resistant second-generation Kunlun glass, ultra-tough basalt body and ultra-durable nylon fiber material to protect every side.

IPhone 15 Pro inherits the classic design language of iPhone series models as a whole. The rear camera module is placed in the upper left corner of the back of the fuselage. The back of the fuselage is made of matt glass backboard, and the frame is aviation-grade titanium metal with the characteristics of this new machine. The connecting part between the front screen and the frame adopts arc edge design, which brings a more comfortable grip.

After the actual hands-on experience, we found that Huawei Mate60 Pro with an arc-shaped frame is better than the iPhone 15 Pro with only an arc-shaped edge of the screen, and the aluminum frame of Huawei Mate60 Pro is not easy to be contaminated with fingerprints. On the contrary, the titanium frame of iPhone 15 Pro is easy to be contaminated with fingerprints, especially the blue version we started this time. Although the border fingerprint of iPhone 15 Pro is easy to clean, it still brings some inconvenience to daily use.

On the front screen, Huawei Mate60 Pro adopts a four-curved screen design with equal depth, and the curvature of the four sides of the screen is consistent, taking into account the grip and screen display effect, while the screen itself is covered with the second generation of Kunlun glass for protection. The front screen of the iPhone 15 Pro benefited from the process upgrade, and the black edge between the frame and the screen was reduced, while the super porcelain crystal panel continued to be used for coverage protection.

Let’s talk about the signal problem that everyone cares about. As the world’s leading communication manufacturer, Huawei Mate series mobile phones produced by Huawei are well-known in terms of signal performance, while the performance of iPhone phones can be understood.

We tested the network speed in the underground garage. Also in China Unicom’s 5G network environment, the measured speed was 29.3Mbps and the upload rate was 1.12 Mbps. The measured download rate of iPhone 15 Pro was 17.2Mbps and the upload rate was 0.83Mbps. Pro’s performance can be said to be far ahead.

For today’s smart phones, in addition to the traditional cellular network communication capabilities, satellite communication capabilities are also very important. As a mobile satellite terminal, Huawei Mate 60 Pro currently supports Tiantong satellite phone function in China, while iPhone 15 Pro supports satellite message function, but this function cannot be used in China.

We also measured the satellite phone function of Huawei Mate 60 Pro. To use this function, we need to install a telecom SIM card on the mobile phone and open the Tiantong satellite package of China Telecom, and then we can make satellite phone calls.

Image is a topic that flagship mobile phones can’t avoid. As two Pro-class models, iPhone 15 Pro and Huawei Mate 60 Pro have good image configurations. But we don’t talk about parameters today, just look at the actual imaging performance.

First of all, in the main contrast session, we used two mobile phones to take contrast samples in different scenes. We can see that the imaging performance of these two models is quite good. The imaging style of iPhone 15 Pro is natural but slightly weak, while Huawei Mate 60 Pro has distinctive features under the blessing of Huawei XMAGE, which is more pleasing to users’ eyes.

At the same time, thanks to the F1.4 large aperture and the night scene algorithm blessing accumulated by Huawei for many years, Huawei Mate 60 Pro has obvious advantages in night scene imaging compared with iPhone 15 Pro.

Moreover, the main camera of Huawei Mate 60 Pro also supports ten-speed variable aperture adjustment. With the professional mode, users can freely control the change of the relationship between reality and reality according to their own needs when shooting portraits and still lives. This shooting experience is more in line with the usage habits of professional photographers.

The iPhone 15 Pro supports recording depth information to achieve focus change in the later process, but its main aperture is only F1.78 and there is no native professional photography mode, which is difficult to meet the portrait shooting needs of professional photographers.

In addition, through comparison, we can also intuitively find that the portrait photos taken by Huawei Mate 60 Pro are clearer and more natural, while iPhone 15 Pro still has some sharpening effects.

In the shooting comparison of ultra-wide-angle lens, we can see that the performance of the two models is very good, but the image proofs of Huawei Mate 60 Pro ultra-wide-angle lens are even more amazing under the blessing of Huawei XMAGE tone.

In terms of telephoto lens contrast, Huawei Mate 60 Pro is equipped with a 48-megapixel ultra-macro telephoto lens with a 95mm focal length and a 3.5 x optical zoom and a 100 x digital zoom. The iPhone 15 Pro is a 12-megapixel vertical telephoto lens with a focal length of 77mm, which supports 3 times optical zoom and 15 times digital zoom. Therefore, the contrast proofs we shot will have certain differences in the picture.

Let’s look at the performance of the two machines in the daytime. Although it seems that the imaging performance of the two models is similar, after zooming in, we can see that with the advantage of the 48-megapixel sensor, the imaging clarity of Mate 60 Pro is better. In addition, Huawei Mate 60 Pro also supports telephoto macro function, which can bring more creative shooting experience.

We also tested the charging and battery life separately. After actual measurement, Huawei Mate 60 Pro can charge 98% of the power in 30 minutes with the original Huawei 88W super fast charging.

When the iPhone 15 Pro uses the combination of 65W PD fast charge and original charging cable, it can turn on the fast charge of up to 27W, and it can charge 61% of the power in 30 minutes. It can be said that in the comparison of charging, China has achieved a far-reaching lead for Mate 60 Pro. We also tested the endurance performance of two mobile phones under the 5-hour heavy endurance model.

To sum up briefly, iPhone 15 Pro and Huawei Mate60 Pro, as this year’s flagship phones, both have top-notch experience and are excellent flagship phones. However, we can also find that Huawei Mate60 Pro pays more attention to the actual user experience than the victory in parameters and running points through experience comparison.

Huawei has indeed solved the pain points of users in the actual use process through a variety of self-developed core technologies, bringing users really easy-to-use smart phone products instead of expensive "electronic crafts".

Cctv newsAccording to the website of the Supreme People’s Court, on December 30th, ten departments including the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the Opinions on Punishing Crimes Involving Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives and Inflammable and Explosive Dangerous Goods according to Law (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), which will take effect on December 31st, 2021.

The control and management of guns, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods are directly related to social order and public safety. Once out of control, they flow into illegal channels and are used for illegal purposes, which will cause serious social harm and form major security risks, and strict control and management measures must be implemented. China has stipulated strict control and management measures for the production, operation, possession, use, storage and transportation of firearms, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods. At the same time, China is in a period of social transformation, and the control and management system for firearms, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods is constantly being adjusted according to the development of the situation. In practice, some illegal activities involving guns, ammunition and explosives and illegal production and business activities of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods occur from time to time. Typical activities, such as false reports and unauthorized storage and transportation of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, seriously affect social public safety and endanger people’s lives and property. For this kind of behavior, administrative law enforcement is difficult, and it is urgent to further clarify the scope of criminal punishment and the procedural mechanism of the connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice. In order to further implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and promote the construction of a safe China at a higher level, the Supreme People’s Court led seven administrative law enforcement agencies, including the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, to conduct research and solicit opinions from all sides, and formed the Opinions.

The Opinions include five parts, including general requirements, correctly identifying crimes, accurately grasping criminal policies, strengthening the connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, and other issues, with a total of 25 articles. Guided by the supreme leader’s rule of law, the Opinions adhere to the general principle of severely punishing crimes involving guns, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods that seriously endanger public safety, earnestly safeguard public safety and protect people’s lives and property. At the same time, adhere to the problem-oriented, do not seek everything, focus on solving outstanding problems in practice, and provide effective guidance for administrative law enforcement and judicial practice; Insist on strengthening coordination and cooperation to form a joint effort to crack down on illegal crimes.

The Opinions emphasize that it is strictly forbidden to illegally manufacture, buy, sell, transport, mail, store, hold, hide or smuggle firearms, ammunition and explosives, to produce, store, use, manage and transport inflammable and explosive dangerous goods without approval and permission, to produce, store, use, manage and transport inflammable and explosive dangerous goods in violation of safety management regulations, and to severely crack down on firearms, ammunition and explosives according to law. People’s courts, people’s procuratorates, public security organs and relevant administrative law enforcement organs should adhere to the principle of putting people first, putting life first, making overall plans for development and safety, giving full play to their work functions, being responsible for and cooperating with each other in accordance with the statutory division of responsibilities, and strengthening communication and coordination. In the course of performing their duties, if they are found to be suspected of committing crimes involving firearms, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, they should inform each other of the situation in time, jointly carry out prevention and punishment, and maintain the overall stability of social security.

In view of the outstanding problems in the process of investigating and punishing illegal crimes involving firearms, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods in practice, the Opinions focused on how to correctly identify crimes. First, those who illegally manufacture, buy, sell, transport, mail, store, steal, rob, rob, possess, smuggle guns, ammunition and explosives, and use the guns, ammunition and explosives to commit crimes such as intentional homicide, intentional injury, robbery and kidnapping, shall be punished for several crimes. Second, those who transport inflammable and explosive dangerous goods by road in violation of the provisions on the safety management of dangerous chemicals and endanger public safety shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the crime of dangerous driving; Anyone who violates the relevant provisions on safety management in highly dangerous production activities such as the production, management and storage of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and has real danger of serious casualties or other serious consequences shall be convicted and punished for the crime of dangerous operation; Whoever commits the above-mentioned acts, resulting in heavy casualties or other serious consequences, constitutes the crime of causing accidents by dangerous goods and other charges, shall choose a felony and be given a heavier punishment. Third, those who violate the relevant safety management regulations in the production and operation activities of transporting inflammable and explosive dangerous goods by waterway, railway and aviation, knowing that there are major hidden dangers of accidents and not excluding them, can be considered as crimes of endangering public safety by dangerous methods; If a passenger personally carries or carries inflammable and explosive dangerous goods in a small amount of checked baggage, endangering public safety, and the circumstances are serious, he shall be convicted and punished for the crime of illegally carrying dangerous goods to endanger public safety.The judicial organ shall, in accordance with the above provisions of the Criminal Law and the Opinions, correctly use criminal means according to law and effectively crack down on related criminal activities.

The Opinions adhere to the criminal policy of combining leniency with severity, and clarify the policy grasp in handling criminal cases involving firearms, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods. The "Opinions" clarify that those who illegally buy or sell guns, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods through information networks, or illegally transport guns, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods through delivery channels, which constitute a crime according to law, shall be strictly investigated for criminal responsibility; Those who commit crimes due to the needs of normal production and life, as well as those who voluntarily hand in guns, ammunition, explosives, inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, surrender and render meritorious service, shall be given lenient punishment according to law.

In addition, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations, the Opinions also make detailed provisions on how to strengthen the connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal judicial procedures in cases involving firearms, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, and stipulate the scope of inflammable and explosive goods in principle.

After the implementation of the Opinions, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security will further strengthen coordination and cooperation with relevant administrative law enforcement agencies, form a long-term working mechanism to crack down on illegal crimes involving guns, ammunition, explosives and inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, earnestly safeguard the overall stability of public security and social order, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the people, and provide solid security for economic and social development.

　　Beijing, Nov. 20 (Reporter Li Jinlei) Near the end of the year, social security has ushered in some new adjustments and changes, which are related to you. Let’s take a look.

　　Poor and seriously ill patients due to illness are included in the scope of assistance.

　　Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Improving the Medical Insurance and Assistance System for Serious and Serious Diseases, which clearly and scientifically defined the scope of medical assistance. The recipients of assistance not only cover low-income people such as subsistence allowances, destitute people, members of marginal families with subsistence allowances, and people who are prone to return to poverty in rural areas, but also include seriously ill patients who are poor due to illness in the scope of assistance, so as to enhance the fairness and accessibility of assistance.

　　The opinions are clear. For those who do not meet the requirements of subsistence allowances, poor people’s assistance or subsistence allowances for marginal families, butSeriously ill patients who have serious difficulties in their basic family life due to high medical expenses (hereinafter referred to as poor and seriously ill patients due to illness) shall be given some assistance according to the actual situation.

　　Among them, the medical expenses that meet the requirements of the minimum living standard and the extremely poor personnel can be rescued at a rate of not less than 70%, and the proportion of other relief objects is slightly lower than that of the minimum living standard in principle. The proportion of specific assistance should be determined appropriately to prevent the tendency of pan-welfare.

　　Adjustment of upper and lower limits of social security payment base

　　Recently, Anhui, Chongqing, Ningxia, Tianjin and other places have released the upper and lower limits of the social security payment base in 2021.

　　Among them, Anhui has made it clear that the lower limit of social insurance payment base in 2021 is 3429.11 yuan, and the upper limit is 17925.42 yuan. Chongqing has made it clear that the upper limit of the social security payment base in 2021 is 18,495 yuan and the lower limit is 3,699 yuan. Ningxia has determined that in 2021, the lower limit of individual contribution base of social insurance is 3,512 yuan, and the upper limit is 18,330 yuan.

　　Under normal circumstances, when employees participate in social security, the payment base cannot be lower than the lower limit or higher than the upper limit. Therefore, after the release of the new upper and lower limits of the social security contribution base, the minimum and maximum contributions of employee social security will also change. With the increase of the lower limit of social security contributions, individual contributions will also rise, but future pension benefits will also rise.

　　The base of pension calculation and payment in 2021 was announced.

　　Recently, Shandong, Jiangxi, Tianjin, Shaanxi and other provinces have successively announced the pension calculation base for 2021.

　　Among them, the monthly basic pension base of endowment insurance for institutions and institutions in Shandong in 2021 and the basic pension of enterprise endowment insurance in 15 cities except Heze City is implemented according to 6893 yuan. In 2021, the base for calculating and issuing pensions in Jiangxi is 6306 yuan, in Tianjin it is 8324 yuan, and in Shaanxi it is 6914 yuan.

　　After the publication of the 2021 annual pension calculation base, for some retirees in 2021, their pensions will be re-approved according to the new base, and the difference will be made up.

　　Raise the basic pension for urban and rural residents in many places

　　The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security revealed at the press conference in the third quarter of 2021 in October that 16 provinces raised the provincial basic pension for urban and rural residents’ endowment insurance, exceeding last year.

　　This adjustment has benefited 72.09 million urban and rural elderly people in Shanghai, Beijing, Xizang, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang (including Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps), Jiangxi, Gansu, Jilin, Shandong, Hubei, Anhui and Hainan.

　　Since November, some areas have raised the basic pension for urban and rural residents. Among them, the basic pension for urban and rural residents in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province has been raised from 460 yuan to 490 yuan per person per month.

　　Electronic social security cards can be applied for simultaneously.

　　Recently, people’s social departments in many places issued an announcement on the simultaneous application of electronic social security cards, clarifying that the third-generation social security cards applied for or replaced after January 1, 2021 will be generated by the national social security card service platform and issued to the synchronous application channel, and the electronic social security cards can be directly used with my consent.

　　According to data from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security,The number of social security card holders nationwide reached 1.347 billion, and the number of electronic social security card holders was 390 million.As the online form of the entity social security card, the electronic social security card has a one-to-one correspondence with the entity card, which is the only mapping, and is an effective voucher for the online application of the social security card. For example, if you forget to bring your physical social security card when you go to see a doctor, you can show your electronic social security card.

　　In addition, according to the arrangement, before the end of 2021, inter-provincial services such as social security card application, activation, replacement and temporary loss reporting will be realized. This means that it will be more convenient to apply for social security cards. (End)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Pyongyang, April 16 (Reporter Jiang Yaping) According to Korean Central News Agency’s report on the 16th, people in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, held a parade in Kim Il Sung Square in the city center on the evening of 15th to celebrate the 110th anniversary of the birth of the late North Korean leader Kim Il Sung.

　　The report said that the parade was composed of the working class, the agricultural laborers and the young students. Kim Jong-un, general secretary of the Workers’ Party of Korea, attended and watched the parade. Before the parade began, Kim Jong-un and other party and state leaders attended the Central Report Conference to celebrate the 110th anniversary of Kim Il Sung’s birth in Kim Il Sung Square.

　　According to Korean Central News Agency, on the 15th "Sun Festival", Kim Jong-un and his wife Li Xuezhu visited the Sun Palace in Jinxiu Mountain, Pyongyang.

　　The Sun Palace in Jinxiu Mountain is located in Dacheng District, the northeast suburb of Pyongyang, and houses the coffins of the late top leaders of North Korea, Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il.

　　"Sun Festival" is the birthday anniversary of Kim Il Sung and one of the most important festivals in the country.

　　BEIJING, April 26 (Xinhua) According to the website of the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Education recently issued the Basic Requirements for the Teaching of Ideological and Political Theory Courses in Colleges and Universities in the New Era. The document requires that the educational administration should be arranged reasonably, and in principle, the required courses of ideological and political theory should not be arranged in the evening and weekends. Teachers’ weekly class arrangement should be avoided. We should organize teaching classes of ideological and political theory courses in consideration of students’ professional background, actively promote middle class teaching with less than 100 students, vigorously advocate the teaching mode of middle class teaching and small class discussion, and gradually eliminate the phenomenon of large class size.

　　The document mentioned that Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, which put forward new and higher requirements for ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities to play the role of the main channel for educating people. In order to continue to fight the tough battle to improve the quality and level of ideological and political theory courses, we should persistently spread Marxist scientific theory, clearly explain the background, great significance, scientific system, spiritual essence and practical requirements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, comprehensively promote Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era into textbooks and students’ minds, lay a solid scientific ideological foundation for college students to grow into talents, guide them to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, and constantly improve their sense of acquisition of ideological and political theory courses.

　　The document puts forward the basic requirements of teaching work:

　　— — Clear guiding ideology. Hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era as the guidance, comprehensively implement the Party’s educational policy, implement the fundamental task of educating people by virtue, put the teaching of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities in a more prominent position, pay more attention to strengthening and improving teaching management and improving teaching quality. Constantly improve the affinity and pertinence of ideological and political theory courses, comprehensively promote the supreme leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era into teaching materials and students’ minds, firmly establish the "four consciousnesses" and strengthen the "four self-confidences", cultivate qualified builders and reliable successors of Socialism with Chinese characteristics with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty, and cultivate new people of the times who are responsible for national rejuvenation.

　　— — Adhere to the basic principles. Adhere to the correct political direction and strengthen the value-leading function of ideological and political theory courses; Adhere to the whole process management, running through all links of ideological and political theory before, during and after class; Adhere to standardization construction and constantly improve the teaching system of ideological and political theory courses; Insist on enhancing the sense of gain, and promote the teaching of ideological and political theory courses to be virtual and real, angular, affectionate and meaningful.

　　— — Strictly implement credits. Undergraduate course "Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism" (hereinafter referred to as "Principles") has 3 credits, "Introduction to the Theoretical System of Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism with Chinese characteristics" (hereinafter referred to as "Introduction") has 5 credits, "Outline of Modern History of China" (hereinafter referred to as "Outline") has 3 credits, "Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis" (hereinafter referred to as "Basis") has 3 credits, and "Situation and Policy". College students have 4 credits for "Introduction", 3 credits for "Foundation" and 1 credit for "Situation and Policy".

　　The course of "Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory and Practice Research" for master students is 2 credits, and one course must be selected as an elective course from the course of "Introduction to Dialectics of Nature" and "Methodology of Marxism and Social Science", accounting for 1 credit. The course "Marxism and Contemporary in China" for doctoral students has 2 credits, and the course "Selected readings of Marx, Engels and Lenin’s classic works" can be offered at the same time (listed as a public elective course for doctoral students in the school). Encourage colleges and universities around the country to offer elective courses of ideological and political theory in light of the actual situation.

　　Set aside two credits from the existing credits of undergraduate ideological and political theory course and one credit from the existing credits of junior college ideological and political theory course to carry out practical teaching of this junior college ideological and political theory course. Students can get corresponding credits by participating in the practice teaching organized by teachers, or by submitting the application for practical results related to ideological and political theory courses. As an auxiliary means of ideological and political theory courses, online teaching should not occupy classroom teaching hours.

　　— — Reasonable arrangement of educational affairs. The courses of ideological and political theory should be connected in an orderly way. In principle, undergraduates should study "basic" courses and "outline" courses first, then "principle" courses and "introduction" courses; College students learn "basic" courses first, and then "introduction" courses; This junior college student is required to take the course "Situation and Policy" every semester. In principle, compulsory courses of ideological and political theory are not arranged in the evening and weekends. Teachers’ weekly class arrangement should be avoided. We should organize teaching classes of ideological and political theory courses in consideration of students’ professional background, actively promote middle class teaching with less than 100 students, vigorously advocate the teaching mode of middle class teaching and small class discussion, and gradually eliminate the phenomenon of large class size.

　　— — Standardize the construction of teaching and research sections (groups). The teaching of ideological and political theory courses in this college should set up teaching and research sections (groups) according to the courses, and the teaching and research sections (groups) of ideological and political theory courses for graduate students can be set up according to the actual situation. All teachers in the secondary institutions of ideological and political theory teaching and research should make clear their teaching and research sections (groups) and undertake the corresponding teaching tasks of ideological and political theory courses. The teaching and research section (group) is responsible for the teaching management of this course. According to the teacher-student ratio of not less than 1:350, set up full-time ideological and political theory teachers, and provide sufficient teachers for each teaching and research section (group). Retired teachers of high-level ideological and political theory courses can be rehired to continue to undertake certain teaching work. Undergraduate colleges and universities should draw special funds according to the standard that the total number of students in school-based master’s degree programs is not lower than that in 20 yuan per year, while that in junior colleges is not lower than that in 15 yuan per year, and strengthen the academic exchange and practical training of teachers with the teaching and research section (group) as the unit. Part-time teachers and distinguished professor in ideological and political theory courses should be managed by the corresponding teaching and research sections (groups).

　　— — Unified implementation of collective lesson preparation, innovative collective lesson preparation form. The teaching and research section (group) should organize collective lesson preparation on a regular basis according to the latest textbook and syllabus of the ideological and political theory course of Marxist theoretical research and construction engineering, accurately grasp the basic spirit of the textbook, study and determine the teaching progress and content, and form a unified reference lesson plan. The secondary institutions of teaching and research of ideological and political theory courses should organize all staff to prepare lessons collectively on a regular basis, focus on discussing common problems in teaching, and promote the effective connection of various courses. It is necessary to organize teachers to concentrate on studying the major principles, policies and decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and timely integrate the latest achievements of the party’s theoretical innovation into teaching, fully embodying the ideological and theoretical timeliness of the course. It is necessary to enrich the carrier of collective lesson preparation and enhance the effect of collective lesson preparation in various ways.

　　— — Innovate the form of collective lesson preparation. It is necessary to enrich the carrier of collective lesson preparation and enhance the effect of collective lesson preparation in various ways. It is necessary to organize new teachers to give lectures and strengthen teaching guidance for new teachers. It is necessary to organize backbone teachers to give demonstration classes and strengthen the guidance and drive for other teachers. It is necessary to organize teachers with rich teaching experience to give lectures and strengthen teachers’ grasp of the teaching rules of ideological and political theory courses. Teachers should be organized to listen to each other, and teachers of ideological and political theory courses should learn from each other. It is necessary to promote teachers of ideological and political theory courses to serve as counselors and class teachers part-time when conditions permit, fully understand the ideological and political situation of students, and improve the pertinence of lesson preparation. We should pay attention to the use of new media and new technologies to carry out collective lesson preparation and improve the effect of collective lesson preparation.

　　— — Serious classroom teaching discipline. It is necessary to ensure that teachers of ideological and political theory courses always adhere to the Marxist standpoint and method in classroom teaching, maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core in political stance, political direction, political principles and political road, and unswervingly safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership. Further strengthen the management of classroom teaching order, ensure the attendance rate of students and provide guarantee for high-quality teaching. Further improve the identification and handling methods of teaching accidents and implement the requirements of classroom teaching discipline.

　　— — Scientific use of teaching methods. Teachers of ideological and political theory courses should be encouraged to actively explore effective teaching methods, consciously strengthen the theoretical interpretation of the party’s theoretical innovations, and strive to achieve advanced formula, exquisite craftsmanship and fashionable packaging in ideological and political theory courses. It is necessary to increase the promotion of excellent teaching methods and pay attention to the promotion of the surface with the experience of the point. The innovation of classroom teaching methods should insist on taking students as the main body and teachers as the leading factor, strengthen the interaction between students and teachers, and pay attention to mobilizing students’ enthusiasm and initiative. As an extension of classroom teaching, practical teaching focuses on helping students to consolidate classroom learning effect and deepen their understanding and mastery of key and difficult problems in teaching. It is necessary to formulate practical teaching syllabus, integrate practical teaching resources, expand practical teaching forms and pay attention to practical teaching effects. As a useful supplement to classroom teaching, online teaching focuses on guiding students to learn basic knowledge, basic theory and so on. It is necessary to deeply study the content design and function of online teaching, constantly innovate online teaching forms, and promote the organic integration of traditional teaching methods and modern information technology.

　　— — Improve and perfect the assessment methods. It is necessary to comprehensively assess students’ understanding and practical application of what they have learned in various ways, pay attention to examining students’ ability to analyze and solve problems by using Marxist standpoints and methods, and strive to comprehensively and objectively reflect students’ Marxist theoretical accomplishment and ideological and moral quality. Adhere to the closed-book unified examination, combined with open personalized assessment, and pay attention to process assessment. Closed-book unified examination requires collective proposition, constantly updating the question bank and improving the quality of proposition. Open personalized assessment should have strict organizational processes and clear and operable assessment and evaluation standards. It is necessary to reasonably distinguish the grades of students’ assessment, avoid the formality of assessment, and guide students to pay more attention to ideological and political theory courses. All courses must be studied first and then tested, and exams are not allowed to take the place of learning. Priority should be given to students who have achieved excellent results in ideological and political theory courses and activists who join the party to participate in party school study.

　　— — Strengthen scientific research to support teaching. Teachers of ideological and political theory courses should be guided to carry out scientific research around the corresponding two disciplines, which belongs to the first-class discipline of Marxist theory, to form a scientific research direction closely related to the courses they teach, and to study in depth the key and difficult problems of course teaching and the reform and innovation of teaching methods. Teachers of ideological and political theory courses should be supported to regard research results as important teaching resources and organically integrate them into classroom teaching. It is necessary to further improve the evaluation mechanism of teachers’ scientific research in ideological and political theory courses, and take the transformation of scientific research achievements in teaching as an important evaluation index.

　　— — Improve the guidance system for lectures. Establish a three-level attendance system at school, province and Ministry. The party secretary and president of colleges and universities, the school leaders in charge of the construction of ideological and political theory courses and the teaching and scientific research work, listen to each compulsory course of ideological and political theory courses at least once per semester; Each member of the leading group of the second-level institutions for teaching and research of ideological and political theory courses should cover all the lecturers during a term of office. Provincial education departments should organize experts to give full coverage lectures to local colleges and universities every year, covering all ideological and political theory courses in general, and form a report on the classroom teaching of ideological and political theory courses in local colleges and universities. The Steering Committee of Ideological and Political Theory Course in Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Education should organize experts to attend lectures at random, and develop and publish an annual report on the teaching situation of Ideological and Political Theory Course in colleges and universities nationwide.

　　— — Comprehensive evaluation of teaching quality. It is necessary to establish and improve the multi-evaluation mechanism, and comprehensively evaluate the teaching quality of teachers by using various methods such as teacher self-evaluation, student evaluation, peer evaluation, supervision evaluation and social evaluation. Reasonable use of the evaluation results of teachers’ teaching quality, increase the proportion of teaching and teaching research in the evaluation criteria of teachers’ professional titles, and link the evaluation results with performance appraisal and allowance distribution, so as to guide and encourage teachers of ideological and political theory courses to devote more time and energy to teaching. Based on the evaluation results, we can explore the establishment of the withdrawal mechanism for teachers of ideological and political theory courses.

　　— — Implement the main responsibility of colleges and universities. Party committee secretaries in colleges and universities should carry out the responsibility of being the first responsible person in the construction of ideological and political theory courses, and principals should take political and leadership responsibilities, further improve the teaching system of ideological and political theory courses, establish and improve the teaching supervision mechanism, and comprehensively improve the teaching quality of ideological and political theory courses for all ideological and political theory teachers and all ideological and political theory classes. Colleges and universities should establish a teaching management system of ideological and political theory courses led by secondary institutions of teaching and scientific research, with the cooperation of propaganda, educational administration, engineering, scientific research, finance, personnel and other departments, establish and improve the teaching management system, and promote all kinds of courses to go with ideological and political theory courses in the same direction to form a synergistic effect.

　　— — Strengthen local overall management. The education departments of local party committees should strengthen the overall management of the teaching of ideological and political theory courses in local universities, formulate policies and create conditions in light of the actual situation, eliminate the weak links in the teaching of ideological and political theory courses, and pay attention to improving the teaching quality of ideological and political theory courses as a whole. In principle, all localities should set up teaching steering committees for ideological and political theory courses in different courses, establish a system of collecting and answering hot and difficult questions regularly, and organize experts to give in-depth and precise guidance to ensure that teaching guidance runs through the whole teaching process and covers all teachers. It is necessary to sum up the teaching experience of ideological and political theory courses in local colleges and universities in time, publicize and popularize advanced models of teaching work, and create a good environment and atmosphere for strengthening and improving the teaching of ideological and political theory courses and improving the teaching quality.

　　— — Strengthen national macro guidance. The teaching steering committee of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities of the Ministry of Education should play a good role in consultation, judgment, supervision, evaluation, training, demonstration, guidance and guidance, organize experts to build a "national network collective lesson preparation platform for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities", develop and publish special teaching guides for various courses, strengthen research and answers to key and difficult problems in teaching, carry out teaching exhibition activities of excellent courses, and timely publish teaching suggestions for various courses. It is necessary to coordinate the theoretical training and practical training of teachers in ideological and political theory courses and increase the intensity of teachers’ social practice. It is necessary to supervise the teaching of ideological and political theory courses in a timely manner and promote all aspects to implement the responsibility of teaching management.