Xizang, a place that concerns many people’s feelings.

Many people are limited by time, economic ability and physical conditions, and have been unable to set foot on the journey. Of course, there are also some people who just leave. In Suning County, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, there is such a young man who dares to realize his dream-Cui Yunhe. He set out from his hometown to Xizang on foot, and the day he set foot on the journey was July 21st this year. This trip went from summer to autumn and from autumn to winter.

On the morning of November 17th, when the reporter contacted Cui Yunhe, he said that he had reached the "Qigara Mountain Gongguo Village" in Xizang, which is 4,218 meters above sea level and 815 kilometers away from the Potala Palace. If all goes well, 40 days at most and 30 days at least, he will be able to complete the feat of hiking Xizang from Suning.

Cui Yunhe The pictures in this article are provided by the interviewees and come from yanzhao metropolis daily.

Set down before you leave, Xizang.

Suning County is a famous "fur capital". Many people are engaged in fur business, and Cui Yunhe, born in 1990, is one of them.

He was born in Wang Zuo Village, Shao Zhuang Township, Suning County, and has been engaged in this line for several years. Compared with people who only concentrate on doing business, Cui Yunhe has more dreams and feelings. In August 2016, he participated in the director and starred in the micro-film "Suning Boy’s Family", with tens of thousands of hits on the Internet.

In the spring of 2017, the fur industry was not very prosperous, and he had the idea of going out for a walk. People can’t always think about making money, they should go out and learn more.

In addition, he also has a wish-he wants the whole world to know that Suning is the "fur capital" of China.

Cui Yunhe wanted to go to Xizang most. As soon as he discussed it with his daughter-in-law, her daughter-in-law immediately rejected it, because the road was too far, and it was already winter in Xizang, and the snow closed the mountain. It must be bitter and dangerous. Daughter-in-law said, why don’t you go to go to dali? Dali is warm in winter, with four seasons like spring. Cui Yunhe thought that his daughter-in-law was right, so when he made the flag to Xizang, he also made a flag of go to dali.

The night before departure, Cui Yunhe couldn’t sleep, hesitating whether to go to Xizang or go to dali.

On July 21st, Cui Yunhe got up at 6 o’clock. Daughter-in-law said there was no need to leave so early. Think again. He was particularly uneasy, so he searched the Internet again. At the last minute, he decided to go to Xizang.

Cui Yunhe　

Travel all the way, from summer to winter

A flag, two charging treasures, an umbrella and a towel are almost all the equipment for Cui Yunhe to hike in Xizang. For professional reasons, he took a mink coat in his bag, thinking that he could not only resist the snowstorm in Xizang, but also promote the industry in his hometown.

Cui Yunhe set off with the flag on his shoulder. As soon as I got on the road, I felt that people looked at him strangely. Because he revealed the idea of hiking in Xizang on the Internet before, many people thought that he was talking big, and people were not only concerned about Cui Yunhe’s hiking trip, but also suspicious.

The first day on the road was smooth. The next day, it began to rain. Along the way, many netizens saw him, sent water and watermelons, and took photos with him. On the third day I went to Hengshui.

From the first day, Cui Yunhe updated his diary every day to record his trip and feelings. At the same time, live broadcast regularly, so that friends and family who care about themselves can feel at ease.

On the tenth day, Cui Yunhe’s foot began to hurt terribly. He found a small clinic nearby to buy some ointment and apply it himself. It was so hot that he had to run under the bridge to have a rest.

Walking, it’s autumn.

Cui Yunhe is also thinking: How is the child? How’s the daughter-in-law He believed that his daughter-in-law would take good care of the family, and he got up the courage to start.

There are too many difficulties along the way.

On a mountain at an altitude of 4,623 meters, Cui Yunhe set up his tent before dark. The mountain was empty, and he was afraid of the wolf’s sneak attack at night. He held the dagger tightly in his hand and woke up many times a night. At 5 o’clock in the morning, he gradually got the light, and then he got a solid sleep.

On the 101st day, Cui Yunhe entered Xizang from Sichuan.

It began to snow a few days after entering Tibet. The snow is getting heavier and heavier, and the shoes are soaked. All the way up the mountain, there is no place to rest.

On the 105th day, it was raining, and it was particularly cold. He and a friend who had just accompanied him started to walk from 9: 00 in the morning until 2: 00 in the afternoon. The endless Panshan Road was an abyss at the foot.

Because the temperature is too low, the rice in the restaurant is frozen, and it needs to be boiled with water before it can be fried. The rice is terrible, and I have no strength to climb the 5,130-meter Dongda Mountain without eating it. The weather on the mountain is changeable. After walking for a few kilometers, it began to snow. The people in the same trade are not in good health. They have run out of water and have no food. It would be too dangerous if they were trapped at the top of the mountain. Cold and hungry, Cui Yunhe put the eggs in a picked-up eight-treasure porridge bottle, put snow on it, lit a fire, and cooked them for a long time, but they were still half cooked. A car passed by, and Cui Yunhe summoned up his courage to ask if there was anything to eat. The big brother who drove gave him two barrels of instant noodles.

Along the way, Cui Yunhe walked through many places that sounded familiar but had never been to, and enjoyed an ancient cultural treasure …

Take a picture by the Lancang River.

Wind and frost all the way, moved all the way.

Because the road is too far and he doesn’t want to waste it, he has eaten the cheapest meal: a bowl of mutton offal soup for 3 yuan, plus a plate of cakes, and he can eat at 4 yuan. The longest day of his trip was from 6 am to 6 pm, a total of 50 kilometers, and his feet were worn out; He lived in the cheapest house: 15 yuan a night. One day, Cui Yun He lived on the street and slept next to the ATM in the town.

In Henan, Xi ‘an, Sichuan and Tibet, I also met many Suning fellow villagers, all of whom were doing business in other places, and most of them learned the information of Suning’s young man walking in Xizang from the live webcast. Wherever they go, villagers often make a special trip to wait, take care of, encourage, send food and drink. This made his heart warm.

It is getting closer and closer to the destination, and he is no longer in such a hurry. It is not easy to get out once, and it is a pity to miss a scenery.

Walking to Xizang, Cui Yunhe was covered in frost and dust. Walking on the road, riding and driving will give him a thumbs up. There are many passers-by who will say "Tashildler" to him.

After walking alone for so many days, the most irresistible thing is homesickness. Knowing that his son was ill, he was impatient, but he dared not call his daughter-in-law for fear of being nagged. A few days later, my son had just been discharged from hospital and was ill. Cui Yunhe couldn’t help but feel anxious and asked his friends to help him book the ticket back. He stayed up all night.

Call my daughter-in-law at dawn. The daughter-in-law told him not to come back and he could handle it himself. The daughter-in-law said, "I don’t want you to regret it all your life. Since you are out, go well."

One step, one step closer to the goal.

Cui Yun He knows that once he gets home, I’m afraid I really don’t have the courage to let him out. There are many things in the world. Once you give up, it’s better to start all over again. Walking in Xizang is a long-standing dream of his, and he doesn’t want to regret it all his life.

So, he packed his bags and hit the road again.

He made many friends along the way, which made him extremely happy. Many people sent him water and food, but he didn’t refuse, and they all took videos. Some people sent him a WeChat red envelope, and he refused one by one; Many people miss him, care about him, and tell him …

Although the road is hard, the beauty is constant and the harvest is constant.

Wind and rain, from summer to autumn, from autumn to winter, trampled three pairs of shoes.

Everywhere he went, many passers-by signed his flag to encourage him. On this hike, he appeared on the Internet through live broadcast, in front of his hometown and the people of the whole country.

Suning, Xizang, nearly 10,000 Li (note: 5,000 kilometers) away, Cui Yunhe is alone, step by step towards the end of his dream.

On November 17th, he walked to a place 815km away from the Potala Palace. If all goes well, it will take 40 days at most and 30 days at least, and he will be able to complete this feat. He broadcast "real-time", "Now the weather is sunny and the wind is biting", but from his words, he can feel that he has become stronger and more confident. When he arrived at the Potala Palace, it was the peak of this hiking trip.

After that, he still wants to return to a plain life. As for what to do after returning, he hasn’t planned yet. But after this hike, he believes in his perseverance and perseverance, and there will be no more difficulties to hold him back.

He will love life more, love life and love his family.

(Original title: "Suning Boys Walk to Xizang")

　　CCTV News:After the earthquake, the Fire and Rescue Bureau dispatched the Sichuan Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps and sent professional rescue forces to the scene for search and rescue. From the live pictures sent back, we can nervously find that every time we search and rescue, rescuers race against time against death. Let’s take a look at the scene.

　　Changning, Sichuan: Three people trapped in ruins for emergency fire search and rescue.

　　According to the disaster situation, Sichuan Fire and Rescue Corps immediately dispatched several rescue forces to carry out rescue. The rescue forces of Yibin Fire and Rescue Detachment mainly concentrated in Shuanghe Town, the epicenter, and the rescue forces of other detachments rushed to Hongqiao Town, Fuxing Town, Meidong Town, Gongquan Town and other areas around the epicenter for investigation. At about 40 am on the 18th, rescuers of Yibin Fire Rescue Detachment searched and rescued at Zhulinkou, Group 8, Grape Village, Changning County, and found that two people were buried under the ruins, and their bodies were pressed by heavy objects such as reinforced concrete and bricks, and they could not move. Firefighters immediately clean up the heavy objects pressed on the trapped people, and at the same time use rescue tools such as jacks to prop up the wall.

　　After more than half an hour of hard work, two trapped people were successfully rescued. According to the villagers at the scene, there were still people buried at the mouth of Zhulinkou in the eighth group of Grape Village. Subsequently, firefighters immediately coordinated the local government to transfer large excavators to assist in the rescue.

　　Ten minutes later, a buried mass was successfully rescued again.

　　Gongxian County, Sichuan Province: Two people were trapped in the elevator and rescued in time.

　　In Gongxian Times Square, two people were trapped in the elevator due to the earthquake, and the fire rescue workers in Junlian County, who were rushing to the epicenter area, rushed to the scene nearby according to the unified dispatch of the headquarters to assist the fire rescue workers in Gongxian County to carry out rescue.

　　At 1: 57 am, firefighters successfully rescued two trapped people.

　　Shuanghe, Sichuan: The woman was successfully rescued after being buried for three hours.

　　In Donghe Street, Shuanghe Town, when firefighters conducted a large-scale search and rescue of the collapsed house, according to the information provided by the people at the scene, a woman was found buried under a collapsed house and her body was injured in many places. In order to ensure the safety of the whole working area, firefighters fixed the stones around the trapped woman, carefully cleaned the bricks around her body with their bare hands, and gently moved the trapped woman’s body.

　　At about 4: 19 am, after nearly three hours of hard work, the woman was successfully rescued and then rushed to the hospital for treatment. At present, the woman’s vital signs are normal.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader deeply recalled his political lesson in the first grade of junior high school: "My political lesson teacher choked several times when telling the story of Jiao Yulu, and once he couldn’t go on, covering his eyes and sobbing, especially when he talked about the worst liver cancer in Jiao Yulu, which broke his cane chair. I was very shocked." The general secretary felt deeply and pointed out that the teachers of ideological and political courses "should plant the seeds of truth, goodness and beauty for the students’ hearts and guide them to buckle the first button in life"; The construction of ideological and political course "needs vitality from reform and innovation"; Party committees at all levels "should put the construction of ideological and political courses on an important agenda" … …

　　On March 18th, 2019, the Great Hall of the People witnessed a special and unforgettable ideological and political lesson — — General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over a symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools, delivered an important speech, and profoundly answered four important questions concerning the construction of ideological and political courses around the fundamental question of who to train, how to train and for whom in the new era.

　　The first question: it is of great significance to run the ideological and political theory course well;

　　The second question: the key to running the ideological and political theory course well lies in teachers, and the key lies in giving full play to their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity;

　　The third question: promote the reform and innovation of ideological and political theory courses, and constantly enhance the ideological, theoretical, affinity and pertinence of ideological and political courses;

　　The fourth question: strengthen the party’s leadership over the construction of ideological and political theory courses.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’s important speech "Ideological and Political Course is the Key Course to Implement the Fundamental Task of Moral Education" insists on the combination of theory and practice, history and reality, and profoundly expounds the great significance of teaching ideological and political course with a clear problem orientation and goal orientation, which puts forward clear requirements and makes comprehensive arrangements for improving the quality of ideological and political course teachers, promoting the reform and innovation of ideological and political course, and strengthening the party’s leadership over the construction of ideological and political course, and provides fundamental follow-up for training generations of socialist builders and successors.

　　Key courses to implement the fundamental task of Lide Shuren

　　"In the struggle for epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19, you young people, together with the vast number of epidemic prevention and control personnel who fought bravely in the front line, did not fear hardships, rushed ahead, and forgot to die, demonstrating the vigorous strength of youth and handing over qualified answers." On March 15th, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader wrote back to all post-90s party member of Peking University Aid Hubei Medical Team, encouraging the vast number of young people to let their youth bloom in the places where the Party and the people need it most.

　　Youth lives up to the new era. In the face of the COVID-19 epidemic, the younger generation, represented by the post-90s generation, stepped forward and made contributions, which fully demonstrated the spiritual outlook of the young people in China in the new era, vividly reflected the fruitful achievements of cultivating people with the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, and profoundly reflected the strategic plan of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on cultivating socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence, beauty and labor.

　　In May 2018, Fudan University transformed Chen Wangdao’s former residence into an exhibition hall of the communist party Declaration. A group of young teachers and students of Fudan University set up the party member Volunteer Service Team to carry out publicity activities for teachers, students and all walks of life. In June 2020, 30 of them wrote to the Supreme Leader General Secretary, expressing their confidence and determination to faithfully carry forward the spirit of the communist party Declaration. In his reply, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader encouraged them to continue telling stories about their ideals and beliefs, and raised ardent expectations for party member in general and young party member in particular. The picture shows the members of party member Volunteer Service Team explaining to the audience. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Ying/photo

　　Education is an important cornerstone of national rejuvenation and social progress. Who to train is the primary problem of education. Every country trains people according to its own political requirements. China is a socialist country led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), and our party is determined to make great achievements for the Chinese nation in the future, which determines that our education is socialist education. We must comprehensively implement the party’s educational policy, implement the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue, and cultivate useful talents who support the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and China’s socialist system from generation to generation and are determined to fight for the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics for life.

　　"The ideological and political course is a key course to implement the fundamental task of Lide Shuren. The role of the ideological and political course is irreplaceable, and the teachers of the ideological and political course have great responsibilities." In this important speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stood at the height of "Teenagers are the future of the motherland and the hope of the nation", emphasizing that adolescence is the "jointing and booting stage" of life, and it is most necessary to carefully guide and cultivate them. The most important thing is to teach them correct ideas and guide them to the right path. This puts forward clear requirements for running the ideological and political course well: to carry out Marxist theory education, to cultivate people with the supreme leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, to guide students to strengthen the "four self-confidences", to cultivate patriotic feelings, and to consciously integrate love for national conditions, ambition to strengthen the country and serve the country into the struggle of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, building a modern and powerful socialist country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This is a summary of our party’s historical experience, an urgent requirement of reality and a strategic task to win the future.

　　Our party has always attached great importance to the construction of ideological and political courses. Comrade Mao Zedong once profoundly pointed out: "Without correct political views, there is no soul." In this important speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader comprehensively reviewed the important arrangements and achievements made by our party in the construction of ideological and political courses in various historical periods of revolution, construction and reform. In particular, the general secretary combined his unforgettable experience of learning the political textbook "Being the successor of revolution" in middle school, and simply and profoundly expounded how important the ideological and political course is to people’s ideals, beliefs and life choices!

　　"Doing a good job in ideological and political courses is a matter of great concern to me." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has attached great importance to training socialist builders and successors with a lofty historical position, broad international vision and profound strategic vision, focusing on the fundamental issue of who to train, how to train people and for whom. At the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the national conference on ideological and political work in colleges and universities, the national education conference, the symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools, and other important meetings, during the investigation in various parts of the country, during the inspection in Haidian District Ethnic Primary School in Beijing, Beijing Bayi School, Peking University, Beijing Normal University, Nankai University and other schools, I wrote back to all the students in the middle school affiliated to the Central University for Nationalities, wrote back to the graduates of Karamay Campus of China Shiyou University (Beijing), and sent a congratulatory letter to the 100th anniversary of Harbin Institute of Technology. … The general secretary delivered a series of important speeches, made a series of important instructions and instructions, put forward a series of important arrangements, and pointed out the fundamental tasks, directions, objectives, methods and paths for running the ideological and political course well in the new era, which provided scientific guidance and powerful motivation for running the ideological and political course well.

　　Under the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, especially the important exposition on education, all kinds of schools at all levels fully implement the Party’s educational policy, closely focus on the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue, integrate the cultivation and practice of socialist core values into the whole process of education and teaching, constantly promote the construction of ideological and political courses to be strengthened through improvement and improved through innovation, steadily improve the quality and level of courses, gradually form an integrated pattern of moral education in universities, primary schools and secondary schools, and show a new atmosphere for students.

　　Earnestly achieve "two solutions"

　　"If you know what it is and don’t spend it, you will lose." To run the ideological and political course well, we should not only fully understand the great significance, but also judge the situation with a broad vision, judge accurately, and act according to the times and the trend.

　　At present, what do you think and do about the construction of ideological and political courses? In this important speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader skillfully applied Marxist stand, viewpoint and method, with two overall situations in mind, linking up history, reality and future, and put forward the idea of "two solutions" to run the ideological and political course well, that is, to solve the problems of "confidence" and "who to train, how to train people and for whom".

　　Looking at the historical responsibility, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: Under the current situation, to run the ideological and political course well should be viewed in the context of the unprecedented changes in the world and the overall development of the cause of the party and the state, and should be viewed from the height of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, building a socialist modernization power and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the next 30 years, the people we train should be able to accomplish the great cause of "two hundred years".

　　Looking at the reality, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: With China’s increasing opening up and approaching the center of the world stage, China’s ties with the world have become closer and the mutual influence has become more profound, and the situation and struggle facing the ideological field have become more complicated. School is the forefront of ideological work, not an ivory tower or a peach blossom garden. To become a socialist builder and successor, we must establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, and closely link the realization of personal values with the future and destiny of the party and the country.

　　Looking at the achievements, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader fully affirmed the achievements: in recent years, the construction of ideological and political courses has achieved remarkable results, the teaching methods have been constantly innovated, teachers are happy to teach and devote themselves to educating people, the scale and quality of teachers have been steadily improved, and the integration of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools has begun to show results; At the same time, the general secretary made a serious list of "problems": in some places and schools, there are some problems that need to be solved urgently in understanding the importance of ideological and political courses, classroom teaching effect, teaching material content, teacher selection and training.

　　It is precisely because of the profound and sober understanding of the ideological and political course that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly demanded that "it is very necessary to set up ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools step by step and spiral upward, which is an important guarantee for training generations of socialist builders and successors", and stressed that "two solutions should be achieved" to run ideological and political courses well.

　　August 20th, 2020 is the centenary of the birth of Hongyan heroic Jiang Zhujun (Jiang Jie). On the same day, Sichuan University Library launched a series of activities to commemorate alumni Jiang Zhujun Martyrs, and exhibited a number of precious red documents through thematic literature exhibitions and thematic literature databases. China News Service reporter An Yuan/photo

　　Solve the most important problem: confidence. Where does confidence come from? First, it comes from the "fundamental guarantee": the CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to education, ideological and political work, always adheres to the guiding position of Marxism and vigorously promotes the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s discipline system; Second, it comes from "strong support": our party’s understanding and grasp of the "three laws" has deepened, opening up a new realm of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theory and practice development, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics has made remarkable achievements; Third, it comes from "profound strength": we have formed Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theoretical system through upholding integrity and innovation, and historically put forward Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era at this stage of development. The Chinese nation has formed a profound and excellent traditional culture for thousands of years, and our party has led the people in forging revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture in the process of revolution, construction and reform; Fourth, it comes from the "important foundation": a series of regular understandings and successful experiences formed in the construction of ideological and political courses for a long time. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "With these foundations and conditions, with our team of teachers who are credible, respectable, reliable, willing, courageous and promising, we are fully confident and capable of running ideological and political courses better and better."

　　Solve the fundamental problems: who to train, how to train people, and for whom. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the most fundamental thing to do a good job in ideological and political course is to fully implement the party’s educational policy, emphasize the guiding position of Marxism, implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, adhere to the socialist orientation of running schools, implement the fundamental task of educating people by virtue, and adhere to the policy of "four acts". That is, to serve the people, to serve the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s governance, to consolidate and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, to serve the reform, opening up and socialist modernization, to take root in China, to run education, to combine with productive labor and social practice, to accelerate the modernization of education, to build an educational power, to run a satisfactory education for the people, to strive to train new people of the times who are responsible for national rejuvenation, and to train socialist builders and successors who are well-developed morally, intellectually, physically and artistically.

　　The "two solutions" put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary have drawn a clear line and grasped the key points from many problems, which not only solved the problem of confidence, but also pointed out the fundamental direction. It is both epistemology and methodology, and will certainly promote the ideological and political course in the new era.

　　The key lies in teachers.

　　On September 27th, 2006, a special ideological and political course was being held in Zijingang Campus of Zhejiang University. Talking about ideals, life and experience, he is sincere and earnest, eloquent and fascinating, interacting with young students from time to time, and the atmosphere at the scene is very active. This speaker is the supreme leader of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee Secretary at that time. This is the third time that he has given a lecture to college students in Hangzhou.

　　"It is not easy to teach the ideological and political course well, because this course is demanding." In this important speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader gave an in-depth answer to this question in combination with his lecture experience in Zhejiang and Fujian: First, the teaching of ideological and political course covers a wide range, "involving Marxist philosophy, political economy, scientific socialism, economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilization and party building, reform, development and stability, internal affairs, foreign affairs, national defense, running the party, country and army, and the history of party history, national history and reform and opening up. Second, the situation at home and abroad and the tasks of the party and the state have developed and changed rapidly. "The teaching content of ideological and political courses should keep up with the times, and only by constantly preparing lessons and constantly talking about innovation can we achieve better teaching results"; Third, in the ideological and political class, students will ask some sharp and sensitive questions, which often involve deep-seated theoretical and practical problems. For teachers, it is not easy to make these questions clear and thorough, and it is necessary to grasp and explain the achievements and problems of the party and the country.

　　"A teacher is easy to seek, but a teacher is rare." The political, ideological, academic and professional characteristics of the ideological and political course, and the close combination of "skill", "learning" and "Tao" determine the high requirements for teachers’ comprehensive quality. As the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly emphasized: "Ideological and political theory courses should be taught by teachers with firm beliefs, profound knowledge and profound theoretical foundation, so that students can truly love and benefit for life." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made a series of important expositions on strengthening the construction of the ideological and political course teachers, guiding the ideological and political course teachers to continue to grow, optimize their structure and improve their overall quality, thus forming a credible, respectable, reliable, happy, enterprising and promising ideological and political course teachers’ team.

　　On August 23, 2020, Xuehewan Community in Hefei City, Anhui Province held a patriotic theme education activity of "Listening to Veterans Telling Stories". Young Pioneers listened to veterans telling stories about the Anti-Japanese War, bearing in mind the sufferings of the war and the glory of victory. The picture shows the students listening to Shi Changming, a 90-year-old veteran, telling their own battle stories. China News Service reporter Han Suyuan/photo

　　In this important speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader closely combined with the characteristics of the ideological and political course, focused on the objectives and tasks of the ideological and political course, and put forward "six essentials" requirements for further improving the quality of teachers of the ideological and political course.

　　First, politics is stronger. Let people with faith speak faith. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that only when teachers of ideological and political courses have firm beliefs, highly agree with what they have said, and set an example for studying and practicing Marxism can they speak with confidence, speak deeply and thoroughly, and effectively guide students to learn, understand, believe and use; We should be good at seeing problems politically, consciously arm our minds with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and remain politically sober in the face of right and wrong.

　　Second, feelings should be deep. Only by impressing students can we guide them. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward "three feelings": to have feelings of home and country, to have a country and a nation in mind, to pay attention to the times and society in the great practice of the party and the people, to absorb nutrients and enrich ideas; We should have missionary feelings, devote ourselves to the cause of Marxist theoretical education, and have persistent pursuit of ideological and political education and teaching; We should be kind-hearted, integrate love for our country, education and students, and always have students in our hearts.

　　Third, thinking should be new. The teaching of ideological and political course is a very creative work. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader demanded that we should learn dialectical materialism and historical materialism, be good at using innovative thinking and dialectical thinking, and be good at grasping the key points, finding the key points, clarifying the laws, innovating classroom teaching, giving students a profound learning experience, and finally guiding students to establish correct ideals and beliefs and learn the correct thinking methods.

　　Fourth, the field of vision should be wide. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader requires teachers of ideological and political courses to have "three horizons": they should have a knowledge horizon and extensively dabble in other philosophical and social sciences and natural science knowledge on the basis of Marxist theoretical foundation; We should have a broad international vision, be good at using domestic and foreign facts, cases and materials, answer students’ doubts in comparison, and distinguish right from wrong in critical identification; We should have a historical perspective, including the history of Chinese civilization, the history of world socialism, the modern history of China, the history of the party, the history of China, the history of reform and opening up, and the historical achievements and changes that have taken place in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Through vivid, in-depth and concrete vertical and horizontal comparisons, we should make the truth clear and clear.

　　Fifth, self-discipline should be strict. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader requires teachers of ideological and political courses to abide by both teaching discipline and political discipline and rules, so as to be consistent in class and offline, consciously carry forward the main theme and actively transmit positive energy. You can’t speak well in class but talk nonsense after class, and you can’t behave well in real life but talk nonsense online. We can’t be obsessed with the ideological attribute of the ideological and political course, and always avoid problems and difficulties.

　　Sixth, the personality should be positive. Teachers of ideological and political courses have upright personality, so that ideological and political courses will be more attractive and infectious, and students will be infected and won. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader demanded that he should have the charm of learning, inspire students with the power of truth, and win students with profound theoretical foundation; Have language charm, let students feel the teacher’s personality and knowledge from the teacher’s words; Consciously cultivate self-cultivation, consciously set an example for learning to be a person, and be a person that students like.

　　The "Six Essentials" requirements put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary for ideological and political teachers are the standards to measure the construction of ideological and political teachers, which will greatly enhance the quality of ideological and political teachers and give full play to their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity.

　　Want vitality from reform and innovation

　　Grandpa Zhang’s introduction made me know that Covid-19 is like a group of monsters, attacking mankind with weapons. We have defended our homeland and I am proud of our country. Not long ago, Academician Zhang Boli, a "people’s hero", gave a lively and vivid anti-epidemic ideological and political lesson to teachers and students in Tianjin through live webcast, and answered why the Communist Party of China (CPC) was "able", why Marxism was "good" and why Socialism with Chinese characteristics was "good" with touching facts and sharp contrast. Li Xinyi, a second-grade student of Pingshan Road Primary School in Hexi District, Tianjin, was very excited after listening to this, and wrote this heartfelt message in his composition.

　　The education that touches the soul is the most successful education. Teenagers are the most active group, and the construction of ideological and political course can be more affinity, appeal, pertinence and effectiveness only if it "needs vitality from reform and innovation". In this important speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader affirmed and encouraged the positive results achieved in the reform and innovation of ideological and political courses in many schools, and at the same time put forward the requirement of adhering to the "eight phases of unity" in promoting the reform and innovation of ideological and political courses.

　　First, adhere to the unity of politics and academic rationality. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized: Political guidance is the basic function of ideological and political course, which should respond to students with thorough theoretical analysis, convince students with thorough ideological theory, and guide students with the powerful power of truth; The theories, viewpoints and conclusions of ideological and political teachers should stand up to students’ various "why" questions; The political nature cannot be weakened by academic rationality, and the political guiding function of ideological and political course should be reflected in different sections of universities, primary and secondary schools, whether telling stories, telling history or telling theories.

　　The second is to adhere to the unity of value and knowledge. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: The ideological and political course focuses on shaping students’ values, which must be firmly grasped; We should not only emphasize the value of ideological and political course, but also ignore the knowledge, but strengthen the education of values by satisfying students’ thirst for knowledge; We should not only emphasize the knowledge of ideological and political course, but also guide the values in knowledge transmission.

　　In September 2019, Northwestern Polytechnical University sent a teaching group to teach in some middle schools in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi. In the past year, members of the education group have actively innovated teaching methods and strengthened teaching skills, which have been recognized by teachers and loved by students. On July 23, 2020, Class 1813 of Baohuan Middle School in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County held a farewell class meeting for teaching teachers, and a classmate shed tears. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Xiaobang/photo

　　The third is to adhere to the unity of constructiveness and criticism. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the task of the ideological and political course is to transmit the mainstream ideology. On the basis of spreading Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods, we should use the weapon of criticism to clearly analyze and criticize various wrong viewpoints and thoughts. It is necessary to educate and guide students to correctly look at, dialectically understand and rationally analyze practical problems, and carry forward the truth, goodness and beauty in criticizing the phenomenon of social falsehood, ugliness and ugliness; We should adhere to the problem orientation, break and crush the questions that students are concerned about and confused, and study and answer them in depth; If you want to practice, you will not be afraid to ask, be afraid to ask, and be happy when you see a question.

　　The fourth is to adhere to the unity of theory and practice. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the ideological and political course should cultivate people with scientific theories, follow the cognitive laws of students in different classes, and explain the basic principles of Marxism clearly and thoroughly; It is necessary to combine the ideological and political classroom with the social classroom. In the combination of theory and practice, education guides students to implement their life ambitions into down-to-earth practical actions, and combine the specific goals of learning struggle with the great goals of national rejuvenation, so as to be ambitious and be strugglers.

　　The fifth is to adhere to the unity of unity and diversity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: there are unified requirements for the teaching objectives, curriculum, teaching materials and teaching management of the ideological and political course, but the specific implementation should be tailored to local conditions, suit the time and teach students in accordance with their aptitude; Teachers of ideological and political courses should not only take the unified textbooks as the basis to ensure the standardization, scientificity and authority of teaching, but also not simply recite the lessons from the book; It is necessary to carry out diversified exploration in the teaching process and realize the teaching objectives in various ways.

　　The textbook "Morality and Citizenship" used by primary and secondary school students in Macao is rich in national conditions, national flags and national anthems, from which students can learn a lot about the motherland and cultivate their feelings for the motherland and Macao. The picture shows that on November 25, 2019, students from the Yingcai School affiliated to Macao Haojiang Middle School raised their hands in class to answer teachers’ questions. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Jinjia/photo

　　Sixth, adhere to the unity of dominance and subjectivity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the teaching of ideological and political course is inseparable from the teacher’s leadership, and at the same time, we should adhere to the student-centered principle, increase the research on students’ cognitive laws and acceptance characteristics, and give full play to students’ subjective role; It is necessary to educate and guide students to read more Marxist classics, contemporary China Marxist theoretical works, Chinese excellent traditional cultural classics, etc. It is necessary to draw up a book list and point out the key points so that students can correctly understand the classic works.

　　Seventh, adhere to the unity of indoctrination and inspiration. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that indoctrination is the basic method of Marxist theoretical education, and it is inseparable from necessary indoctrination for students to accept Marxism, but this does not mean cramming. We should pay attention to heuristic education and let students draw conclusions naturally in constant inspiration. It is very important to be able to tell stories and tell good stories. To tell good stories about the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China (CPC), People’s Republic of China (PRC), Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the reform and opening up, especially about the new era, not only teachers but also students should be organized to tell them themselves.

　　Eighth, adhere to the unity of explicit education and implicit education. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the ideological and political course should be an explicit course of ideological and political education, and to run Socialism with Chinese characteristics education, we should not only open the ideological and political course with confidence, but also pay attention to tapping the ideological and political education resources contained in other courses and teaching methods to realize all-round education for all staff; It is necessary to have the momentum of crashing on the shore, but also to have the effect of moistening things silently.

　　The "Eight Unity" put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary is a set of closely related and organically unified combination boxing, which embodies the unity of knowledge, emotion, will and action, deepens the understanding of the law of ideological and political course construction, and provides scientific follow-up for promoting the reform and innovation of ideological and political course.

　　The leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee.

　　"Party, government, military and civilian studies, east, west, north and south, the party is leading everything." Strengthening the party’s overall leadership over education is the fundamental guarantee for running the ideological and political course well.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has highlighted the extreme importance of strengthening the Party’s leadership for the construction of ideological and political courses, put forward clear requirements, and pointed out the correct political direction for the construction of ideological and political courses. Set up a central leading group for education to strengthen the overall leadership of the CPC Central Committee on education; Adhere to the fundamental system of Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological field, and promote the latest achievements of Marxism in China into textbooks, classrooms and teachers’ and students’ minds; Promulgating Opinions on Strengthening Party Building in Primary and Secondary Schools and Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities under the New Situation … … Practice has proved that the most fundamental reason why the construction of ideological and political courses has achieved remarkable results lies in the strong implementation and comprehensive strengthening of the party’s leadership.

　　Strengthening the party’s leadership over the construction of ideological and political courses is concrete, and it must be implemented in detail. In this important speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made further arrangements, which was highly targeted.

　　First, give full play to the role of party committees at all levels. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward clear requirements for Party committees at all levels to grasp the construction of ideological and political courses: put on an important agenda, grasp the outstanding problems that restrict the construction of ideological and political courses, and take effective measures in terms of work pattern, team building, support and guarantee. It emphasizes the need to establish a working pattern of unified leadership by party committees, joint management by party and government, respective responsibilities of relevant departments and coordination of the whole society; Party committees in schools should adhere to the combination of strict management and scientific governance, and party committee secretaries and principals should take the "three leading roles", that is, taking the lead in entering the classroom, promoting the construction of ideological and political courses, and contacting teachers of ideological and political courses.

　　The second is to effectively mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of ideological and political teachers. General Secretary of Supreme Leader emphasized that the academic depth, breadth and gold content of ideological and political course are no less than any other philosophy and social science, and made specific arrangements for the outstanding problems existing in the current construction of ideological and political course teachers: fully equip and strengthen the full-time ideological and political course teachers, and build a full-time, full-time, high-quality ideological and political course teachers; In the selection, management and assessment of ideological and political teachers, we should strictly control politics, teachers’ morality and business, and solve the problem of study style; Innovate the working mechanism, increase the intensity of training and encouragement, and improve the attraction to outstanding talents; Reform the evaluation mechanism of ideological and political teachers and guide them to focus on teaching and educating people; Attach great importance to the training of reserve talents of ideological and political teachers, strengthen the construction of Marxist colleges and Marxist theory disciplines, and make overall plans to promote the training of talents with the integration of Marxist theory; Take the ideological and political teachers as an important source of the construction of school cadres, and so on.

　　The third is to promote the integration of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the goal of "promoting the connotative development of ideological and political course construction", which requires that we should do a good job in "teaching goal design, curriculum setting, textbook compilation, teaching reform, teacher training, assessment and evaluation" in different sections, so that we can neither overexert and rush, nor be complacent; Adhere to the principle of "the longitudinal main line of universities, primary and secondary schools runs through, step by step, and the horizontal structure of various courses is reasonable and the functions are complementary" to ensure the "political, scientific, contemporary and readable" teaching materials.

　　Fourth, do a good job in ideological and political work in schools in all directions. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "ideological and political work in schools is not a single line of work", and put forward requirements in different categories: improve the curriculum system, solve the problem of mutual cooperation between various courses and ideological and political courses, solve the problem of promoting other teaching staff and ideological and political teachers to complement each other, promote ideological and political work to penetrate the talent training system, and give full play to the synergistic effect of Lide Shuren; Pay attention to the cooperation between home and school, and play the role of parents, families and family style; Private schools and Chinese-foreign cooperative education should put the construction of ideological and political courses in an important position, "there is no exception in this respect"; Responsible comrades of all localities and departments should actively go to schools to give lectures on ideological and political education.

　　The party and state institutions are important guarantees for running ideological and political courses well. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward clear requirements for the Central Education Leading Group to do a good job in the construction of ideological and political courses and form a joint effort, emphasizing that the construction of ideological and political courses should be "included in the assessment of party building, the quality of running schools and the evaluation of discipline construction in schools, and urged schools to effectively grasp this work and grasp it in place."

　　"Are you Chinese? Do you love China? Would you like China? " 85 years ago, when the Chinese nation was in danger of death, the painful question ushered in a youthful and passionate answer in the sunshine of the new era. Under the education of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, young people in the new era will surely become qualified socialist builders and successors, and become new people of the times who are responsible for national rejuvenation!

　　After the national economic "report card" was released, the provinces are handing over the "answer sheet" of economic operation in the first three quarters.

　　The Paper found that as of October 26th, 13 provinces had published relevant data, namely Sichuan, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tianjin and Hainan.

　　Earlier, the national economic data of the first three quarters released by the National Bureau of Statistics showed that the gross domestic product in the first three quarters was 87,026.9 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% year-on-year at constant prices, 0.5 percentage points faster than that in the first half of the year.

　　Judging from the relevant situation of 13 provinces sorted out by reporters,In terms of total GDP in the first three quartersSichuan, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan and Shanghai provinces exceeded 3 trillion yuan, namely 4,043.28 billion yuan, 3,779.371 billion yuan, 3,729.89 billion yuan, 3,533.263 billion yuan and 3,095.665 billion yuan respectively.

　　In the first three quarters, the total GDP exceeded 2 trillion yuan in Beijing, Jiangxi and Chongqing, which were 2,992.63 billion yuan, 2,321.43 billion yuan and 2,083.506 billion yuan respectively. In addition, the total GDP of Guangxi, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Tianjin and Hainan in the first three quarters was 1,886.588 billion yuan, 1,802.635 billion yuan, 1,620.9 billion yuan, 1,189.610 billion yuan and 477.914 billion yuan respectively.

　　existIn terms of GDP growth in the first three quartersCompared with the national growth rate of 3.0%, among the 13 provinces, the growth rates of Shanxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Inner Mongolia, Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guangxi are 5.3%, 5.2%, 5.0%, 5.0%, 4.8%, 3.1% and 3.1 respectively.

　　The reporter noted that in the context of expanding energy demand, Shanxi’s economic performance in the first three quarters was good. According to the statistics of Shanxi Provincial Bureau of Statistics, in the first three quarters, the industrial production of the whole province grew rapidly, and the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 9.7%, which was 5.8 percentage points faster than that of the whole country (3.9%). At the same time, as a comprehensive energy province, Shanxi’s coal, unconventional natural gas and electricity are continuously supplied safely and stably. In the first three quarters, the total output of raw coal in the whole province was 977.91 million tons, an increase of 93.01 million tons or 10.5%. Unconventional natural gas output was 8.24 billion cubic meters, an increase of 13.8%. The planned power generation is 306.25 billion kWh, an increase of 7.6%; Among them, the delivered electricity was 105.35 billion kWh, an increase of 14.6%.

　　It is worth mentioning that, looking at the GDP growth rate by quarter, Beijing stopped falling in the third quarter. At the same time, the digital economy has accounted for more than 40% of the city’s GDP. Data show that in the first three quarters, the added value of Beijing’s digital economy reached 1,278.89 billion yuan, up 3.9% year-on-year at current prices, accounting for 42.7% of the regional GDP, up 1.0 percentage points year-on-year.

　　Li Youbin, Li Xiaoran and ZhangFeng yi starred in 45 episodes of the TV series "The Name of the Law" with the theme of the rule of law, which landed in the prime file of Beijing Satellite TV on the evening of April 14th. This drama is the first TV series in China that reflects the rehabilitation of wrongs and wrongs, and is adapted from a real case.

　　subject matter

　　"The Name of Cause" originated from a real case.

　　The theme of "rule of law" has always been a "rich mine" that needs to be developed urgently in the film and television industry. It was originally said that such a theme was a "desert forbidden area", but Zhao Dongling, a national first-class screenwriter, and directors Shen Yan and Liu Haibo "gnawed" this hard bone together. The Name of the Cause of Law is just such an excellent work based on real cases, focusing on restoring social truth and humanity.

　　"The Name of the Law" tells the story of Li Youbin’s criminal police officer "Ge Dajie", whose friend died in the line of duty while chasing the suspect, and was "angry" and "wrong", which indirectly led to unjust, false and wrong cases. However, due to the imperfection of the judicial system at that time, the prosecutor played by ZhangFeng yi had to compromise the reality even if he had doubts. After many years, the new generation prosecutor "Zou Tong" played by Li Xiaoran worked together with the lawyer, and the grievances of many years were finally settled.

　　The drama interweaves the changes of the times and the love of children in a thrilling plot. The plot is from shallow to deep, which is shocking and fully shows the progress and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system.

　　topic

　　Pay more attention to the impact on "victims"

　　The contradiction between "love" and "law" is an eternal topic. "Everyone will make mistakes, and everyone has something unknown ‘ Secret ’ 。” Zhao Dongling said, "I am more concerned about the ‘ Emotion ’ With ‘ Life ’ , especially ‘ Victim ’ One party. "

　　At the time of fairness and justice, when the wrongs are settled, even if the legal correction has been completed, the torture of everyone’s conscience, mind and spirit has just begun. Ge Dajie, who was "misjudged" because he was carried away by anger, Xu Zimeng, who was crowned as "the son of a murderer" since childhood, or Xu Zhiyi, who was imprisoned for several years and "acquitted", were not "wrong", but their lives were completely subverted. This is also the most vivid and delicate part of Zhao Dongling’s works. "Some injuries can never be cured. A unjust, false and wrong case affects not only one person, but also changes the fate of generations."

　　figure

　　Zhao Dongling: Law is my natural interest.

　　Zhao Dongling has been working for nearly 30 years, and has created many well-known film and television masterpieces. Among them, Defending Passion, On the Way to School, China Land, Red Sorghum and other works have won the Best Screenplay Award in China Watch Award, Flying Award, Golden Rooster Award, Magnolia Award and other awards. In fact, Zhao Dongling is also inextricably linked with "law". No matter her works "Fox Hunting" and "Cold Case" or many proposals put forward as deputies to the National People’s Congress, they are all around "law".

　　The name of the law is Zhao Dongling’s favorite and painstaking work in recent years. "Law is my natural interest." She bluntly said, "I can’t stop this love, it is like a brother to me." As long as the subject matter related to "law" is concerned, Zhao Dongling will have a boiling passion, willing to immerse himself in creation at any cost, and will explore and try whenever there is an opportunity. Zhao Dongling also pointed out that at present, some works related to the theme of law and rule of law in the market lack "rationality". She bluntly said, "If you really want to write this kind of theme well, you must make great efforts to study and learn relevant legal knowledge."

　　Due to the particularity of the subject matter, the whole team has taken great pains to keep the political correctness and ensure the authenticity and rigor of the script when creating the book.

　　At the beginning of writing the script, in order to better grasp the legal details, Zhao Dongling went deep into the judicial organs to learn about the internal settings and workflow. "The procuratorate will check and guide my writing work at all levels." She said, "The changes I got at that time were as many as a few pages, and I memorized them all." Whenever she has free time, she will study hard and never "let go" of any laws and regulations. All the "crimes" and "treatments" in The Name of the Cause of Law have corresponding provisions in the Criminal Law and the Criminal Procedure Law. "Our laws are constantly improving, and the script will always be updated with the laws and regulations," Zhao Dongling said with a smile. "I am also ‘ Half a legal person ’ Yes. "

　　Not deliberately discrediting or praising.

　　Restore the truth through truth.

　　In-depth research and experience in the early stage also inspired Zhao Dongling. "There is no unjust, false and wrong case that someone deliberately did or planted." She pointed out that the proportion of misjudged cases is decreasing year by year, and "the judicial system of the country is gradually improving." Therefore, in The Name of the Cause of Law, Zhao Dongling did not deliberately "smear" or "praise": "A complete ‘ The wicked ’ May cause ‘ Everyone crusades ’ 。” However, she expressed the hope to restore the truth through truth. "Human nature is good, and I don’t want to win applause by grandstanding." For Zhao Dongling, life itself is a "three-dimensional", full of conflict and full of beauty. "How to show this ‘ Contradiction ’ Is the most critical, through ‘ No bottom line ’ It is not realism to exaggerate the evil of human nature or to create false happiness and harmony. "

　　"The Name of the Law" is the most difficult script of Zhao Dongling’s scriptwriting career. The outline of the story has been repeatedly changed for fourteen drafts, and it took her a year to complete the whole script, which is called "Aauto Quicker" in the scriptwriting industry. When writing the first six drafts, I broke my train of thought and felt "struggling" and didn’t know how to continue to finish. That time was "gray" for Zhao Dongling.

　　Zhao Dongling said frankly: "I once doubted myself and even felt desperate. But in the end, everyone’s affirmation of the story gave me great encouragement. " It is not only a difficulty in the creation of the script, but also the work is faced with layers of checks in the process of review, and the news has been broadcast several times, but it has not been realized. It was difficult for her to calm down her excitement when she learned that The Name of the Cause of Law was finally booked on Beijing Satellite TV. "The waiting process is too long for me, and this tormented mood can’t be compared with the pain of creation."

　　This group/reporter Yang Wenjie

　　Overall planning/full estate

　 　 　　[The reader says]

　　Marx and Engels pointed out: "People want to be able to ‘ Make history ’ , must be able to live. But in order to live, you need clothes, food, shelter and other things first. Therefore, the first historical activity is to produce materials that meet these needs, that is, to produce material life itself. " Among them, "clothing" is the first of people’s livelihood, and its production mainly depends on the emergence and progress of textile technology. China has a long textile history. In the Neolithic sites more than 7,000 years ago, archaeologists discovered textile tools such as spinning wheels and waist machines. The mastery of sericulture and silk reeling technology enabled our ancestors to weave silk at the earliest time in human history. Accompanied by Zhang Qian’s hollow journey, silk opened the first large-scale commercial and cultural exchange between the East and the West in the history of the world, and made great contributions to the development of human civilization.

　　After thousands of years of accumulation and precipitation, China’s textile culture has profoundly influenced the daily life style and production mode of the ancient people in China. On this basis, the costume culture has shaped the ancient people’s understanding of life order and social order in China. Although there are many contents related to the ancient clothing system in handed down documents, these records are mostly concentrated in the upper classes of society such as emperors and courtiers, and the color of "standardization" is obvious, which can not reflect the complex content and overall appearance of ancient Chinese clothing culture. In 1950s and 1960s, Mr. Shen Congwen overcame the difficulties such as lack of data in his pioneering research on ancient Chinese costumes, and successfully summarized the development clues of ancient Chinese costumes by using the research method of combining objects, images and documents. Under the guidance of Mr. Shen, scholars such as Wang and Wang Yarong opened up a new field of textile archaeology with the help of the continuous unearthed textile objects. The newly published "Great Power Dress — — Shen Congwen and Our Road to Textile Archaeology deeply reviews the arduous road that Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong went through when they assisted Mr. Shen in the study of ancient Chinese costumes, and shows the development course and related achievements of textile archaeology in China for half a century.

　　Constructing the historical chain of textile objects in China

　　It is the primary task of textile archaeologists to collect archaeological unearthed textile cultural relics and construct the historical chain of ancient textile objects in China. The textile raw materials in ancient China mainly include kudzu, hemp, wool, silk, cotton, etc., all of which are natural fibers. Because of their organic properties, textiles are easily eroded by physical, chemical, biological and other factors, so it is difficult to preserve them. Therefore, there is a saying in textile archaeology that "once in a thousand years, one tomb is hard to find, and a thousand tombs are hard to find a coat". The discovery of textile objects in this world is really hard to find. Fortunately, since 1970s, textile archaeologists have excavated and protected textile cultural relics in many archaeological sites all over the country. In his book, Mr. Wang Yarong introduced the landmark achievements in the development of textile archaeology in China, and led us into the archaeological sites that surprised the world.

　　About 2500 years ago, 300 pieces of textiles from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty were unearthed in the tomb of Jing ‘an, Jiangxi Province, which pushed forward the time axis of China’s textile physical chain to the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period. The weaving skills of these textiles are exquisite, and the density of geometric brocade warp is as high as 240 per cm, which is amazing. About 2300 years ago, a large number of silk fabrics in the middle and late Warring States period were unearthed in the No.1 Chu tomb in Mashan, Jiangling, Hubei Province. This batch of silk fabrics is not only varied and colorful, but also has mysterious patterns and superb skills. Western scholars greatly admire it after reading it, saying that its designer was China’s "Picasso" more than 2,000 years ago.

　　During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the textile technology in China was further developed, and the unearthed textile objects were gradually enriched. Fine silk fabrics from the Western Han Dynasty were unearthed in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Laoshan Han Tomb in Beijing and Dabaotai Han Tomb. High-grade silk fabrics from the Eastern Han Dynasty were found in the Niya site in Minfeng, Xinjiang, among which the most famous one is the brocade armguard of "Five Stars Going East and Benefiting China". The pattern of this brocade is complicated and changeable, with clouds, five stars, phoenix, phoenix, unicorn, white tiger and other exotic birds and animals on it, and the small seal script character "Five stars go out of the East and benefit China" is used. "Five-star" brocade not only represents the highest level of brocade technology in the Han Dynasty, but also witnessed the close communication between Jing Guo and the Central Plains Dynasty. Once discovered, it was recognized as a first-class cultural relic and became one of the first cultural relics forbidden to go abroad for exhibitions.

　　During the Tang and Song Dynasties, with the social stability and economic prosperity, the textile industry also ushered in a prosperous development situation. A large number of textiles from the Tang court were unearthed in the Tangta Palace of Famen Temple in Fufeng, Shaanxi Province, covering nine categories: brocade, silk, silk, embroidery, embroidery and painting, printing and weaving. Among them, brocade and embroidered clothes represent the highest level of silk weaving in Tang Dynasty. Paper and silk paintings and calligraphy in the early Northern Song Dynasty were found in the hidden niche of Ciyun Temple Tower in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province. When these cultural relics were unearthed, they were broken into pieces, hardened and severely pulverized. With the efforts of Mr. Wang Yarong and others, more than 60 paintings in the early Song Dynasty were successfully spelled out. One of them is the statue of the goddess who fights in the night. The silk version of the painting is colored, and all the female immortals painted are wearing long back hair, white long-sleeved collar robes, long-sleeved dresses and red shoes, which provides important physical data for studying the costumes and painting styles in the early Northern Song Dynasty.

　　After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, China’s textile technology continued to innovate and develop, becoming more and more superb. Fifty-one pieces (sets) of silk embroidery at the end of Yuan Dynasty were unearthed from the Gezidong Tibetan site in Longhua, Hebei Province. The materials used included satin, silk, yarn, Luo, brocade, Nashiyi (woven brocade) and other varieties. The discovery in the cave of "a brocade quilt made of brown peony and lotus flowers" provides important information for studying the development and evolution of ancient satin fabrics in China. 128 pieces of silk fabrics buried with Empress Xiaojing were unearthed in the Ming Dingling Mausoleum, the most famous of which was a hundred-piece garment. The clothes of the ancient philosophers are embroidered with geometric patterns on the ground of the red lotus, and then embroidered with patterns such as golden dragons, flowers and ancient philosophers. There are more than a dozen embroidery stitches used in this dress, which is a masterpiece of various embroidery techniques and represents the highest technological level of embroidery clothing in Ming Dynasty.

　　The above-mentioned cases in the book were carefully selected by Mr. Wang Yarong from the textile archaeological projects she presided over and participated in. When she arranged the contents of the book, she disrupted the excavation order of archaeological sites, and constructed a textile physical chain from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Yuan and Ming Dynasties in order of the unearthed textile cultural relics, which was helpful for readers to grasp the development context of China ancient textile physical objects more clearly and then form a systematic understanding of China ancient textile culture and costume culture.

　　Reproduce the original historical appearance of China textile objects.

　　Excavating, extracting and protecting archaeological textile cultural relics is only the first step of textile archaeological work. On this basis, Mr. Wang Yarong and his team will restore and weave them. At present, there are three main forms of reproduction of textile cultural relics: one is to copy according to the unearthed appearance of cultural relics, not paying attention to materials and technology, but only pursuing "current copy" products with similar appearance; Second, the replica of the combination of the present situation and restoration of cultural relics; The third is the "restoration of composite fabrics" under the guidance of experimental archaeology methods. Textile archaeologists take the third form.

　　Experimental archaeology is a branch of archaeology, which advocates copying and reconstructing archaeological relics by means of practice or experiment, so as to understand the behavior of ancient humans. Specifically speaking, in the field of textile archaeology, it is necessary to fully study the morphological process, aesthetic value and historical position of unearthed textile cultural relics, carefully select the same materials as the cultural relics, and use the process method in line with the development level of ancient technology to carry out the restoration and re-weaving work on the basis of mastering the materials and parameters of cultural relics. In Mr. Wang Yarong’s words, "Restoration and Reweaving" is a research achievement to restore the original appearance, quality and technology of cultural relics based on comprehensive research and scientific experiments, which has "scientific research value and collection value similar to cultural relics" and is "the best scientific research means to study the weaving, design and cutting of ancient costumes".

　　In 1983, Mr. Wang Yarong began the initial restoration and re-weaving experiment by selecting the clothing and clothes unearthed from Mashan Chu Tomb, such as the dragon-to-phoenix tattooed quilt, the phoenix-bird flower tattooed cotton garment, the colorful embroidered field hunting decorative belt, the dragon-phoenix-tiger tattooed single garment, and the dragon-to-phoenix large pattern colored embroidered quilt. After seven years of hard work, Mr. Wang Yarong’s first reply to the original weaving work was completed. There is bitterness in it, only self-knowledge. Thankfully, her efforts have been successful. In particular, the exquisite restoration fabric of the phoenix bird flower embroidered cotton coat has made all scholars who have seen it admire. Later, the approved woven embroidery also went abroad and was exhibited in Seoul, Amsterdam and other places, which was highly praised.

　　In the book, Mr. Wang Yarong introduced in detail the restoration and reweaving process of textile cultural relics from the aspects of material selection, dyeing process, weaving method and embroidery stitch. In order to facilitate readers to understand these techniques, the relevant contents in the book are accompanied by various diagrams such as pattern diagram, pattern line diagram, cultural relics structure diagram, knitting schematic diagram and so on. This arrangement brings readers a reading experience, just like reading Mr. Shen’s Research on Ancient Chinese Costume. Mr. Wang Yarong has an expert insight and analytical power on the warp and weft structure of these textile cultural relics. Through her hands, one piece of textiles buried for thousands of years has been "alive" again, showing the world the profound and profound beauty of the Chinese nation.

　　Inheriting the Craftsman Spirit of China Textile Archaeology

　　Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong are both assistants of Mr. Shen Congwen, and their road to textile archaeology began with assisting Mr. Shen in the study of ancient Chinese costumes. There are two gentlemen’s reminiscences in the book, which are unpretentious to read, but touching. Between the lines, there are not only their admiration and nostalgia for the teacher’s teachings, but also their responsibility and responsibility for the inheritance of the teacher’s career.

　　Patience and serious professional character.The word "patience" that Mr. Wang Yarong used many times in his book was inherited from Mr. Shen. "Patience" means dedication, perseverance, and fear of trouble and effort. "Be patient! Seriously! " It is not only Mr. Shen’s inculcation, but also his professional character, which deeply influenced Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong. Mr. Wang uncovered the silk fragments of Mawangdui Han Tomb layer by layer, and spliced the pieces of gold and jade clothes in Han Dynasty; Mr. Wang Yarong and his team are practicing the professional character of textile archaeologists for their patience and perseverance in the face of rotten textile cultural relics and their Excellence in restoring woven cultural relics.

　　Professional methods of mutual proof between material objects and literature and history.Mr. Wang Yarong thinks that if we want to comment on Mr. Shen, it is not enough to be a writer, but we should also call him a "cultural relic historian" or an "image historian". It is the research method of material and cultural history that Mr. Shen follows to cross-reference archaeological objects and cultural and historical records. Influenced by this, Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong paid great attention to the collection and application of documents in archaeological practice. Yili, The Book of Rites, Mozi, Xunzi, Zuo Zhuan, Historical Records and The History of the Three Kingdoms are all historical documents cited in the book. On this basis, Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong also resumed weaving, so that textile archaeology really embarked on the road of mutual proof of practice and literature and history.

　　Professional concept of making the past serve the present.Mr. Shen advocates "making the past serve the present" and that cultural relics research should serve production. When Mr. Wang Yarong faced the unearthed ancient cultural relics, he often felt that the present was worse than the past, which made her realize the importance of "making the past serve the present" and decided to carry out the restoration and weaving of textile cultural relics. Her efforts have awakened the historical relics that have been sleeping for centuries, revived the excellent textile and costume culture of the Chinese nation, and shocked ordinary readers and audiences with the ancient colors that were originally seen only by archaeologists.

　　Time and tide wait for no man’s professional mission.When Mr. Shen studied the ancient material culture of China, he was deeply challenged by foreign scholars, and often had a sense of urgency and mission. This kind of responsibility and responsibility is the concrete embodiment of Mr. Shen’s patriotic spirit, and it has also become an important magic weapon for Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong to overcome their work difficulties. In the book, the word often mentioned by Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong is "responsibility". Facing the "urgent" excavation work of Mawangdui Han Tomb, Mr. Wang overcame the difficulties of life and took the train to Changsha. In order to protect the textile cultural relics in Mashan Chu Tomb, Mr. Wang and Mr. Wang Yarong spent the New Year’s Eve in the streets of Jingzhou. In order to clean up the textiles in Jing ‘an Tomb, Mr. Wang Yarong and his team dipped their hands into the water at 2℃ needed to clean up the corpse, and kept beating them to wash away the sediment. They hope to protect and inherit the precious heritage left by their ancestors through their own responsibilities.

　　"China has great etiquette, so it is called summer; There is the beauty of the service seal, which is called China. " The costume culture created by ancestors is deeply engraved in the genes of the Chinese nation. As an integral part of China’s excellent traditional culture, China’s ancient costume culture embodies the essence of the Chinese nation’s material civilization and spiritual civilization for thousands of years. It is the time mission of textile archaeologists to inherit and carry forward China’s ancient costume culture and contribute to the construction of "Archaeology with China characteristics, China style and China style" proposed by the Supreme Leader General Secretary. "Textile Archaeology" has been approved as a unique discipline, and Mr. Wang Yarong has also won the first batch of honorary titles of "Great Craftsman", which is a great affirmation of textile archaeology. Mr. Wang Yarong believes that the development of textile archaeology in China in the new era should focus on the establishment of professional teams, the cultivation of professional talents and the creation of disciplines, and finally build a real "China Clothing Museum" that integrates the protection and restoration of textile cultural relics, experimental research, clothing culture research, exhibition, patriotism education and other functions. At the end of the book, Mr. Wang Yarong showed the readers nine organizations and leaders of textile and clothing cultural relics research and protection initiated and guided by her, and listed the doctoral students she trained, which are the effective forces to inherit and develop the textile archaeology in China.The publication of "Great Country’s Nishang" not only makes us look back on the founding history of textile archaeology in China, but also summarizes the achievements of textile archaeology in China, and finds out the way out and points out the direction for the development of this cause.

　　(Author: Li Yong, special researcher of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, Supreme Leader of Fujian Province, professor and doctoral supervisor of School of Social History, Fujian Normal University)